不同时间尺度下流域径流侵蚀功率输沙模型模拟精度  

Simulation Accuracy of Runoff Erosion Power-Sediment Transfer Model at Different Time Scales

作　　者：张译心 徐国策[1] 李占斌[1,2] 李鹏[1] 贾路 王斌[1] ZHANG Yixin;XU Guoce;LI Zhanbin;LI Peng;JIA Lu;WANG Bin(State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an 710048,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,710048 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2020年第3期1-7,22,共8页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家“十三五”科技支撑计划资助项目(2016YFC0402404);国家自然科学基金“基于能量过程的沟道工程侵蚀阻控机理研究”(51779204)。

摘　　要：流域不同时间尺度下的水沙关系及其模拟预测是国内外水土流失研究的热点问题,基于水蚀动力过程的径流侵蚀功率理论,建立了径流侵蚀功率输沙模型,选取黄河一级支流无定河流域的实测径流泥沙资料,系统研究了年、月和次暴雨3种不同时间尺度下的径流侵蚀功率和输沙量之间的相关关系,对比分析了径流侵蚀功率输沙模型与径流-输沙模型在表征流域径流侵蚀输沙上的优劣。结果表明:1975-2010年,无定河流域径流、输沙和径流侵蚀功率在不同时间尺度下均呈下降趋势;不同时间尺度下的径流侵蚀功率输沙模型的R^2相对于径流-输沙均较高,表明基于径流侵蚀功率的流域径流侵蚀功率输沙模型在不同时间尺度上均能够更准确地表征径流侵蚀输沙关系。The relationship between runoff and sediment and its simulation prediction at different time scales in the basin is a hotspot in soil erosion research at home and abroad. Based on the theory of runoff erosion power of runoff erosion dynamic process, the runoff erosion power-sediment transfer model is established. The correlation between runoff erosion power and sediment transfer at three different time scales of year, month and individual rainstorm event were studied by selecting runoff and sediment data from the Wudinghe basin, the first tributary of the Yellow River. We compared and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the runoff erosion power-sediment transfer model and the runoff-sediment transfer model characterizing runoff erosion and sediment transfer. The results show that runoff, sediment and runoff erosion power in the Wudinghe basin presented the decreasing trend at different time scales from 1975 to 2010. R^2 of the runoff erosion power-sediment model at different time scales was higher than that of the runoff-sediment model, indicating that the runoff erosion power-sediment transfer model can more accurately characterize the relationship between runoff erosion and sediment transfer on different time scales.

关 键 词：无定河 侵蚀产沙 径流侵蚀功率 尺度效应 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]