松嫩平原不同生育期硬质早熟禾无性系构件的生长分析  

Analysis of Module of Poa sphondylodes Clones at Different Growth Stages in Songnen Plain

作　　者：胡宗好 李海燕[1] 李程程 田雪 杨允菲[1] HU Zong-hao;LI Hai-yan;LI Cheng-cheng;TIAN Xue;YANG Yun-fei(Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology,Ministry of Education,Institute of Grassland Science,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;School of Life Sciences,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China;United Experimental School of AHSJU and Livon,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学草地科学研究所/植被生态科学教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130024 [2]辽宁大学生命科学院,辽宁沈阳110036 [3]长春吉大附中力旺实验小学,吉林长春130031

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2020年第3期21-29,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500602);国家自然科学基金项目(31672471,31670427);吉林省科技厅自然科学基金(20170101150JC)。

摘　　要：硬质早熟禾(Poa sphondylodes)是天然草原广泛分布的丛生型优良牧草。研究不同龄级无性系的构件在不同生育期的生长变化规律具有重要理论与实践指导意义。采用两个年度于开花期和完熟期连续大样本分蘖丛随机取样测定的方法,统计分析了2年生和3年生试验小区硬质早熟禾无性系构件的数量性状及生物量分配。结果表明,在松嫩平原两个年份4次样本中,硬质早熟禾平均丛径在6.11~6.49cm、平均单丛有43.47~48.83个生殖株,平均总生物量和生殖株生物量分别在7.66~8.79g和7.49~8.69g,其在开花期与完熟期及年份之间均无显著差异;两个年份营养株数量及其生物量均为完熟期比开花期显著减少,其中营养株数量2年生的减少了2.7倍,3年生的减少了7.5倍,营养株生物量2年生的减少了1.9倍,3年生的减少了3.3倍。硬质早熟禾在开花期的平均抽穗率在86.95%以上;两个年份不同的生育期分株数及其生物量与丛径之间均呈稳定的幂函数异速生长规律;不同生育期硬质早熟禾无性系的物质分配具有较强的可调节性。在气候影响下,开花期与完熟期的花序生物量与总生物量之间,2年生的均呈线性同速生长规律,3年生均呈幂函数异速生长规律。不同年份硬质早熟禾无性系存在生长分配策略的差异。As an excellent type of bunchgrass,Poa sphondylodes is widely distributed in natural grassland.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the changes of clone Poa sphondylodes at different growth stages.In order to study the quantitative characteristics and biomass allocation of P.sphondylodes tillers in 2-year and 3-year experimental plots,a large number of samples were randomly selected at flowering and ripening stages.For samples collected four times from biennial and triennial experimental plots,the average diameter of P.sphondylodes tillers was 6.11 to 6.49 cm,the average single bunch had 43.47 to 48.83 reproductive tillers,and the average total biomass and reproductive biomass were 7.66~8.79g and 7.49~8.69g,respectively.There was no significant difference between flowering stage and ripening stage in two separate experimental plots.The number of vegetative ramets and biomass of tillers were significantly reduced at ripening stage than those at flowering stage in biennial and triennial experimental plots.The number of tillers and their biomass showed a stable trend of allometric growth of power function compared with diameter of tillers at different growth stages in biennial and triennial experimental plots.The material allocation of P.sphondylodes clones possessed strong adjustability at different growth stages.Under the influence of climate fluctuation,the inflorescence biomass and total biomass had linear and power function growth patterns,respectively,in biennial and triennial P.sphondylodes at flowering and ripening stages.The growth allocation strategies of P.sphondylodes clones were different in different years.

关 键 词：硬质早熟禾 无性系 构件 生物量分配 异速生长 同速生长 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]