老年人常见药物不良反应及合理用药评价  

Evaluation of Common Adverse Drug Reactions and Rational Drug Use in the Elderly

作　　者：张兆德[1] ZHANG Zhao-de(Department of Pharmacy,Second People's Hospital of Lijin County,Lijin,Shandong Province,257400 China)

机构地区：[1]利津县第二人民医院药剂科,山东利津257400

出　　处：《中外医疗》2020年第11期102-104,共3页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的观察老年人常见药物存在的不良反应以及合理用药临床依据。方法在该院2018年9月—2019年8月期间接收的老年患者中方便选取90例出现药物不良反应的患者作为研究对象,回顾性分析不良反应的临床症状、药物类型、用药方式、联合用药等情况,同时归纳总结合理用药的相关事项。结果药物不良反应临床表现为皮肤系统、消化系统以及呼吸系统的发生率最为显著,分别为23.33%、21.11%、20.00%;在药物类型中、抗生素类,消化系统类药物不良反应发生率更高,分别为24.44%,28.88%;用药方式中口服、静脉滴注出现不良反应的情况更频繁,分别占比为32.00%和30.00%;老年患者应用2~3种西药联合治疗引发的不良反应发生率高达40.00%,单一用药不良反应发生率低,占比仅有8.88%。结论针对老年人产生药物不良反应的原因存在很多方面,且临床表现也较为多样性,需要高度重视合理用药,在保证治疗效果的同时,减少不良反应的发生情况,增强用药的安全性。Objective To observe the adverse reactions of common drugs in the elderly and the clinical basis for rational drug use.Methods Convenient selection ninety patients with adverse drug reactions were selected from the elderly patients received in our hospital from September 2018 to August 2019.The clinical symptoms,drug types,medication methods,and combined medications of adverse reactions were retrospectively analyzed.At the same time,the related matters of reasonable drug use are summarized.Results The clinical manifestations of adverse drug reactions were the most significant in the incidence of the skin system,digestive system,and respiratory system,which were 23.33%,21.11%,and 20.00%,respectively.Among cardio-cerebrovascular,the drug types,and antibiotic drugs were poor.The incidence of reactions was higher,respectively 28.88%and 24.44%;adverse reactions occurred more frequently in oral administration and intravenous drip in the way of medication,accounting for 32.00%and 30.00%,respectively;elderly patients were treated with 2-3 western medicine combinations The incidence of induced adverse reactions was as high as 40.00%,and the incidence of single drug adverse reactions was low,accounting for only 8.88%.Conclusion There are many reasons for the adverse drug reactions of the elderly,and the clinical manifestations are diverse.It is necessary to attach great importance to rational drug use,while ensuring the treatment effect,reducing the incidence of adverse reactions and enhancing the safety of drug use.

关 键 词：老年人 常见药物 不良反应 合理用药 

分 类 号：R97[医药卫生—药品]