公司法人机关理论的再认识--以董事对第三人的责任为视角  

Again Comment on Theory of Company Legal Person Authority——From Perspective of Directors’Responsibility to the Third Party

作　　者：王长华 Wang Changhua

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学法学研究院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《法学杂志》2020年第6期50-58,共9页Law Science Magazine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“我国合同法中民商合一的规范技术研究”(项目编号:17BFX007);河南省政府决策研究招标课题“河南省区域股权市场健康发展研究”(项目编号:2017B270)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：我国通说多以法人机关理论为由否认董事对第三人的责任。法人机关理论在我国被绝对化了。其实,法人机关理论的功能,仅在于解决法人这一组织体在法律上的行为活动和责任承担问题,而不在于排除董事等法人机关成员对第三人的民事赔偿责任。董事的个人性在职务活动中并未消灭,法律技术的形式逻辑推演不能完全忽视董事两面性的客观事实。无视董事个人性这一客观事实,就难以真正实现对法人违法行为的有效规制。域外立法例表明,法人机关理论和董事对第三人的责任可以兼容并存。要想真正彻底改变人们对公司法人机关理论的绝对化认识,尚需要从我国立法上予以相应地修法完善。On the problems that whether or not the directors should be liable for the damages of the third party,the mainstream opinion is denial in our country.They hold that directors should not shoulder the responsibilities of the damages to the corporate creditors and the main reasons as follows:it is opposed to corporate organ’s theory that make the directors shoulder the responsibility together with the corporation.In a word,the corporate organ’s theory has been absolutized.However,the basic function of the corporate organ’s theory is to solve the problems of corporate action and civil liability,rather than the exclusion or exemption of the duties of the directors to the third party.In summary,corporate organ’s theory the director’s liability to the third party is not exactly incompatible and the corporate organ’s theory does not repel the system of the director’s responsibility to the third party.In our country,we should amend the absolute understanding of the theory of corporation timely,purify the corporate organ’s theory and break the prejudice.

关 键 词：法人机关理论 董事责任 法人责任 第三人 

分 类 号：D922.291.91[政治法律—经济法学]