乙酰丙酸对红富士苹果叶片生长和产量品质的影响  

Effect of Levulinic Acid on Leaf Growth,Yield and Fruit Quality of Red Fuji Apple

作　　者：杨莉莉[1] 张金水[1] 李娜[1] 同延安[1] YANG Lili;ZHANG Jinshui;LI Na;TONG Yan’an(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2020年第3期382-389,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国际植物营养研究所项目(IPNI)。

摘　　要：为了探究乙酰丙酸在苹果上的应用效果,以凤翔、蒲城两地的‘红富士’苹果为试材,研究乙酰丙酸不同喷施稀释倍数和不同喷施时间对苹果生长和产量的影响。试验设置3个不同喷施稀释倍数(稀释600倍、800倍、1000倍)和3个不同喷施时间(5、6月,5、6、7月,5、6、7、8月)及对照,共10个处理。结果表明:与对照相比,两地喷施乙酰丙酸处理均提高叶片叶绿素SPAD值和百叶鲜质量,且稀释600倍的效果最显著,分别高于对照5.4%、8.1%和1.3%、19.5%。同一稀释倍数水平下,均是5、6、7月和5、6、7、8月喷施对苹果叶绿素SPAD值和百叶鲜质量的增加效果优于5、6月喷施。与喷施时间相比,喷施不同的稀释倍数对苹果产量的影响较大;与对照相比,不同稀释倍数的乙酰丙酸均增加苹果产量,且稀释600倍处理的增产效果最佳,凤翔、蒲城两地产量分别比对照增加16.5%和12.4%。乙酰丙酸处理增加果实可溶性糖质量分数,但喷施不同稀释倍数与喷施时期之间的影响差异不明显。因此,生产中可以在5、6、7月喷施稀释600倍的乙酰丙酸来促进苹果叶片生长和提高产量品质。In order to explore the application effect of levulinic acid on apple,‘Red Fuji’apples in Pucheng‘Red Fuji’were used as research materials to study the effects of different concentrations of levulinic acid and different spraying times on apple growth,yield and fruit quality.Under ten treatments,the experiment was conducted with three different spray concentrations(diluted 600 times,800 times,1000 times)and three different spraying times(May to June,May to July,May to August)and controls.The results showed that spraying levulinic acid in two sites increased the chlorophyll SPAD value and vegetative fresh mass of the leaves compared with the control,and the effect of dilution 600 times was the most significant,which were higher than the control by 5.4%,8.1%and 1.3%,19.5%,respectively.At the same concentration level,the effect of spraying levulinic acid on chlorophyll SPAD value and vegetative fresh mass of one hundred leaves in May,June,July and May,June,July,August were better than those in May,June.Compared with the spraying time,the spraying concentration had a greater impact on apple yield.Different concentrations of levulinic acid increased the yield of apple compared with the control,and the 600-fold dilution resulted in the greatest yield.The yield of 600-fold dilution in Fengxiang and Pucheng increased by 16.5%and 12.4%,respectively,compared with the control.Under the treatment of levulinic acid,fruit soluble sugar mass fraction increased,but the difference between the different spraying concentrations and the spraying time was not significant.Therefore,it is possible to spray diluted 600 times of levulinic acid in May,June and July to promote apple leaf growth and increase yield and fruit quality in apple orchard.

关 键 词：乙酰丙酸 不同浓度 不同时期 叶片生长 产量 

分 类 号：S636[农业科学—蔬菜学]