基于有机/无机复合材料的航天环境下高效热电转换技术研究  

Research on Thermoelectric Conversion Technology Under Aerospace Environment Based on Organic/Inorganic Composites

作　　者：胡济珠 周俊[1] 李云云[1] HU JiZhu;ZHOU Jun;LI Yunyun(Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science,School of Physics Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学物理科学与工程学院声子学与热能中心,上海200092

出　　处：《空天防御》2020年第2期72-76,共5页Air & Space Defense

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11890703);上海航天基金(SAST2017008)。

摘　　要：针对航天飞行器电源系统问题,设计了利用太阳直射面与背阴面的有机/无机复合材料温差发电的装置。在现有太阳电池阵列电源系统的基础上,利用温差发电改进了电源系统,并对其设计原理的合理性、可靠性、经济性以及先进性做出了分析。选取聚偏氟乙烯/镍纳米线复合材料的相关参数以及铜导电板为例进行了理论计算,结果表明:当热电元件腿长较短时,接触效应对热电发电模块的影响很大;选取合适的腿长,装置可以获得较高的输出功率密度,质量比功率达到7.21 W/kg。相比较原先的太阳电池阵列,这种新设计可有效地利用星外资源,节约成本并提供能源。In order to solve the problem of power system for spacecraft,a thermoelectric generator based on organic/inorganic composites is designed.This generator utilizes the temperature difference induced by the sunlight.The power system of a solar array can be improved via thermoelectric generator.The rationality,reliability,economy and advancement of its design principle are explained.Taking n-type polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)/Ni nanowire and Cu electricity plate as an example,the results show that when the thermoelement length is short,the contact effect must be considered.Besides,when taking a suitable thermoelement length,a large output power density of the thermoelectric device can be obtained,and the specific power of mass reaches up to 7.21 W/kg.Compared with the original solar array,this new design can effectively utilize extra-satellite resources,save costs and provide energy.

关 键 词：航天飞行器 温差发电 有机/无机复合材料 热电装置 转换效率 质量比功率 

分 类 号：V57[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]