孕穗期冷水灌溉对寒地粳稻相关生理指标及叶绿体超微结构的影响  

Effect of Cold Water Irrigation at Booting Stage on Physiological Indexes and Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Japonica Rice in Cold Region

作　　者：张盛楠 贾琰 瞿炤珺 杨亮[2] 李晓[1] 张妍[1] 王喆[1] 赵宏伟[1] ZHANG Shengnan;JIA Yan;QU Zhaojun;YANG Liang;LI Xiao;ZHANG Yan;WANG Zhe;ZHAO Hongwei(Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement,Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region,Ministry of Education Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;College of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]寒地粮食作物种质创新与生理生态教育部重点实验室,东北农业大学,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2020年第6期886-897,共12页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0300406);国家科技重大专项和重点研发项目省级资助项目(GX18B050)。

摘　　要：为了研究低温冷害对寒地粳稻生理特性及叶绿体超微结构的影响,以耐冷型粳稻‘东农428’(‘DN428’)、冷敏感型粳稻‘松粳10’(‘SJ10’)为供试材料,于孕穗期进行不同时间的冷水灌溉处理(0、5、10、15d),分析孕穗期冷水灌溉对寒地粳稻功能叶片抗氧化酶活性、活性氧物质含量、渗透调节物质含量、内源激素含量、叶绿体超微结构及产量的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,孕穗期冷水灌溉下,两种寒地粳稻功能叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、超氧阴离子(O2·^-)和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量、可溶性糖(SS),可溶性蛋白(SP)含量均显著升高,增幅随冷水灌溉时间增加而上升,其中‘DN428’功能叶片SOD、POD、CAT和SP的增幅大于‘SJ10’,‘SJ10’功能叶片SS、O2·^-和H2O2的增幅大于‘DN428’。冷水灌溉下,与对照相比,寒地粳稻功能叶片内源激素中脱落酸(ABA)含量升高,吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、玉米素核苷(ZR)含量下降,变化幅度随冷水灌溉时间增加而升高。在孕穗期冷水灌溉下,与对照相比,寒地粳稻产量随冷水灌溉时间增加显著下降,‘SJ10’比‘DN428’下降幅度大。冷水灌溉下,两种粳稻品种叶绿体超微结构均受到不同程度伤害,其中‘DN428’比‘SJ10’叶绿体超微结构受损小。相关分析表明,内源激素ABA与耐冷相关生理指标呈极显著正相关关系,关系最为密切。从回归分析可知,O2·^-含量可作为孕穗期冷水灌溉对寒地粳稻产量影响大小的鉴定指标。In order to study the effect of chilling injury on the physiological characteristics and chloroplast ultrastructure of japonica rice in cold region,cold-resistant japonica rice‘Dongnong428’(‘DN428’)and cold-sensitive japonica rice‘Songjing10’(‘SJ10’)were used as materials,different days(0,5,10,15 d)of cold water irrigation treatments were carried out at the booting stage.Effects of cold water irrigation at the booting stage on antioxidant enzyme activity,reactive oxygen species content,osmotic regulation content,endogenous hormone content,chloroplast ultrastructure of functional leaves and yield of japonica rice in cold region were analyzed.The results showed that compared with control,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),and the content of superoxide anion(O^-2·),hydrogen peroxide(H 2O 2),soluble sugar(SS),soluble protein(SP)of functional leaves in japonica ricesignificantly increased under cold water irrigation at the booting stage,and the increase rate enhancedduring the cold water irrigation days,and the increase rates of SOD,POD,CAT and SP in‘DN428’were larger than those in‘SJ10’,but increase rates of SS,O^-2· and H 2O 2weregreater in‘SJ10’than those in‘DN428’.Compared with the control,the content of abscisic acid(ABA)increased,and the content of indole acetic acid(IAA),gibberellin(GA 3)and Zeatin riboside(ZR)decreasedthe functional leaves in japonica rice under cold water irrigation at booting stage,and the range of change increased with the increase of cold water irrigation days.Compared with the control,the yield of cold japonica rice decreased significantly with the increase of cold water irrigation days under cold water irrigation at the booting stage,‘SJ10’decreased more than‘DN428’,and the decrease of‘SJ10’was greater than that of‘DN428’.The chloroplast ultrastructure of japonica rice was damaged to varying degrees under cold water irrigation,and chloroplast ultrastructure of‘DN428’was less damaged than that of‘

关 键 词：孕穗期 冷水灌溉 寒地粳稻 生理指标 叶绿体超微结构 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]