河北省某县0~24月龄婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻监测结果分析  

Monitoring results of rotavirus diarrhea in infants aged 0-24 months in a county of Hebei province

作　　者：张军 张艳红[3] 高招 刘莹莹[2] 李庆亮 吴志伟 苏通[2] 杨志琴 赵玉良[2] ZHANG Jun;ZHANG Yan-hong;GAO Zhao;LIU Ying-ying;LI Qing-liang;WU Zhi-wei;SU Tong;YANG Zhi-qin;ZHAO Yu-liang(School of Public Health,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan,Hebei 063000,China;Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazh uang,Hebei 050021,China;Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazh uang,Hebei 050021,China;Wuhan Biological Products Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan,Hubei 430207,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学公共卫生学院,河北唐山063000 [2]河北省疾病预防控制中心,河北石家庄050021 [3]正定县疾病预防控制中心,河北石家庄050021 [4]武汉生物制品研究所有限责任公司,湖北武汉430207

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2020年第6期708-711,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解河北省正定县轮状病毒腹泻的流行状况,为轮状病毒疫苗的临床试验设计提供数据支持。方法以河北省正定县7个乡镇所有常居0~24月龄婴幼儿为监测对象,于2016年12月—2017年3月进行主动监测,收集腹泻患儿粪便样本,检测轮状病毒抗原,并对阳性标本进行毒株分型。结果共监测0~24月龄婴幼儿2 017名,腹泻发病率为16.26%(328/2 017),轮状病毒检出率为14.41%(47/326);轮状病毒腹泻发病率为2.33%(47/2 017),其中18~20月龄组发病率最高,为5.20%,发病率随月龄增长呈上升趋势(χ^2_(趋势)=9.948,P=0.002);监测月份轮状病毒腹泻发病率分别为1.26%、0.54%、0.25%、0.25%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=24.684,P<0.001)。47份阳性标本中,G血清型以G2为主,所占比例为74.46%;P基因型以P[4]为主,占比为72.34%;G/P组合以G2P[4]为主,占72.34%。轮状病毒引起的腹泻中、重度率为23.40%,其他原因引起的腹泻中、重度率为11.03%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.52,P=0.019)。结论监测区域轮状病毒腹泻发病率在24月龄之前随月龄增长总体呈上升趋势,其引起的腹泻要比其他原因引起的腹泻更加严重,G2P[4]为主要流行株。Objective To understand the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea in a county of Hebei province,and to provide data support for designing clinical trials of rotavirus vaccines.Methods All infants aged 0-24 months resided in 7 towns of Zhengding county,Hebei province served as the monitoring subjects.Active monitoring was performed from December 2016 to March 2017.Stool samples of diarrhea infants were collected,rotavirus antigen was detected,and strain typing was conducted in samples positive for antigen.Results A total of 2,017 infants aged 0-24 months were monitored,the incidence rate of diarrhea was 16.26%(328/2,017),and the detection rate of rotavirus was 14.41%(47/326).The incidence rate of rotavirus diarrhea was 2.33%(47/2,017),and the incidence rate of the group aged 18-20 months was the highest(5.20%),showing an upward trend with the increasing age(χ^2tendency=9.948,P=0.002).The incidence rates of rotavirus diarrhea in the months monitored were 1.26%,0.54%,0.25%and 0.25%,respectively,with statistically significant differences(χ^2tendency=24.684,P<0.001).Among the 47 positive samples,G2 was the most common in G serotype samples(74.46%),P[4]the most common in P genotype samples(72.34%),and G2 P[4]the most common in G/P samples(72.34%).The rate of moderate and severe diarrhea induced by rotavirus was 23.40%,while that induced by other causes was 11.30%,showing a statistically significant difference(χ^2=5.52,P=0.019).Conclusions The incidence rate of rotavirus diarrhea in infants under the age of 24 months in the county monitored showed an overall upward trend with the increasing age,diarrhea caused by rotavirus was more serious than that induced by other causes,and G2 P[4]was the main epidemic strain.

关 键 词：轮状病毒 腹泻 腹泻发病率 血清型分型 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]