我国疾控机构卫生技术人员资源配置公平性分析  

Fairness in human resource allocation of health technicians in China’s disease control and prevention institutions

作　　者：郭利娜[1] 李南南 丁凡[1] 席晶晶[1] GUO LI-na;LI NAN-nan;DING Fan;XI JING-jing(Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2020年第6期762-766,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解我国疾病预防控制机构卫生技术人力资源配置的公平性,为我国疾控系统人力资源的科学配置提供建议和数据参考。方法以2015—2017年《中国卫生统计年鉴》中疾控机构卫生技术人员和《中国统计年鉴》等相关数据为依据,采用洛伦兹曲线(Lorenz curve)和基尼系数(Gini coefficient)评价分析方法,对全国疾控机构卫生技术人员配置进行分析。结果 2015—2017年,我国疾控机构卫生技术人员总数变化不大;拥有卫生技术人员最多的为东部地区,占35.25%~35.85%;平均每万人卫生技术人员数为1.02~1.03人;平均每万平方千米卫生技术人员数为147.24~148.06人;平均每十亿元GDP卫生技术人员数为1.66~1.96人;卫生技术人员按常住人口分布的公平性基尼系数分别是0.15、0.15、0.16;按地域面积分布的公平性基尼系数分别是0.59、0.58、0.58;按GDP分布的公平性基尼系数分别是0.29、0.30、0.30。结论我国疾控机构卫生技术人员的配置在地域分布上存在不公平性,人员数量总体低于国家标准,应结合各地实际情况制定相关政策制度,在增加人力资源数量的同时,注重地区内部和地区间卫生技术人员配置的公平性,以实现我国疾控机构人力资源全面均衡发展。Objective To understand the fairness in allocation of human resources of health technology in China’s disease control and prevention institutions,and to provide suggestions and data references for scientific allocation of human resources in China’s disease control system.Methods Based on the data regarding health professionals of disease control and prevention institutions in the China Health Statistics Yearbook(2015-2017)and the China Statistics Yearbook,the Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were used to analyze the resource allocation of health technicians in China’s CDCs.Results The total number of health technicians in China’s CDCs in 2015-2017 changed little.The eastern region had the largest number of health technicians,accounting for 35.25%-35.85%.The average number of health technicians per 10,000 persons was 1.02-1.03.The average number of health technicians per 10,000 square kilometers was 147.24-148.06.The average number of health technicians per billion yuan of GDP was 1.66-1.96.The equity Gini coefficients of health technicians in terms of resident population distribution were 0.15,0.15 and 0.16,respectively.The equity Gini coefficients according to geographical area distribution were 0.59,0.58 and 0.58,respectively.The equity Gini coefficients on the basis of GDP distribution were 0.29,0.30 and 0.30,respectively.Conclusions There existed unfairness in the geographical distribution of health technical personnel configuration in China’s disease control and prevention institutions,and the number of health technicians was generally lower than that of the national standard.It is necessary to formulate the related policy system based on the actual situation of local area,increase the number of human resources and simultaneously pay attention to the fairness in regional and interregional health technical personnel allocation so as to realize comprehensive and balanced development of human resources in China’s disease control and prevention institutions.

关 键 词：疾控机构 卫生技术人员 资源配置 公平性 洛伦兹曲线 基尼系数 

分 类 号：R197.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]