福建正红菇保护林中壳斗科外生菌根真菌多样性研究  

Diversity Study on Ectomycorrhizal Fungi from Fagaceae Roots in Russula Nature ReserveArea in Fujian

作　　者：余文英[1] 胡红莉[2] 鲍坚东[1] 彭明慧 鲁国东[2] YU Wen-Ying;HU Hong-Li;BAO Jian-Dong;PENG Ming-Hui;LU Guo-Dong(College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Plant Protection,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学植物保护学院,福州350002

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2020年第5期771-783,共13页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：福建省科技厅引导性项目(2017N0005)。

摘　　要：保护和合理利用福建红菇(Russula)资源、探索保护性采摘调控红菇壳斗科(Fagaceae)共生宿主外生菌根菌群结构,可为促进天然红菇林的红菇增产提供理论依据。本研究利用形态特征结合rDNA ITS(internal transcribed spacer)序列调查福建红菇种质资源,结果表明,福建以正红菇(Russula griseocarnosa)为主,闽东部分以红色红菇(R. rosea)为主。在福建建瓯正红菇自然保护林中,利用形态学和rDNA ITS序列相结合的方法,比较非保护性及保护性采摘(即上一年末茬红菇(约8月下旬)全部采摘与不采摘)对红菇壳斗科共生树外生菌根群落组成及菌根丰度造成的差异。壳斗科外生菌根有34个OTUs (operational taxonomic units),并鉴定到4个种、9个属、3个科和1个目;壳斗科菌根的核心菌群为Russula、Thelephoraceae、Lactarius和Cortinarius;上一年的保护性采摘正红菇措施增加了第二年正红菇Russula和Thelephoraceae菌根丰度,Lactarius丰度则减少。本研究结果明确了福建壳斗科菌根菌的类型,发现红菇的不同采摘措施会影响壳斗科与红菇的共生率及壳斗科外生菌根菌群结构,从而为红菇的人工促繁增产及红菇保护林生态系统的恢复和改造等提供了参考依据。To protect and rationally utilize Russula resources and investigate the regulation of protective picking on the structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Fagaceae symbiotic host of mushroom Russula could provide a theoretical basis to improve Russula yield increasing in Natural Russula forest.In present study,using morphology analysis and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer(rDNA ITS)sequencing,the dominant species was identified as Russula griseocarnosa in Fujian,while in some part of eastern Fujian,the major species was identified as R.rosea.In addition,the combination of morphology and rDNA ITS sequencing were used to compare the differences in the composition and abundence of ectomycorrhizal communities in Fagaceae symbiotic tree caused by non-protective and protective picking(that is,the last stubble of the previous year(about late August)all picked and not picked)in a Russula nature reserve area in Jianou,Fujian.A total of 34 OTUs(operational taxonomic units)was identified in ectomycorrhizal fungi from root tips of Fagaceae.Among them,4 species,9 genus with unknown species,3 family with unknown genus and 1 order with unknown family were identified.The core communities were Lactarius,Thelephoraceae,Russula and Cortinarius.The protective picking of Russula in the last crop increased the abundance of Russula and Thelephoraceae in the second year,while the abundance of Lactarius decreased.The present study clarified the types of mycorrhizal fungi and found different harvesting of Russula in the last stubble could affect the symbiosis rate of Russula with the Fagaceae and flora structure of Fagaceae roots in the next year,which could provide a reference for the artificial promotion of Russula production as well as restoration and transformation of the Russula protected forest ecosystem.

关 键 词：红菇 外生菌根 壳斗科 

分 类 号：S324[农业科学—作物遗传育种]