锂电池用全固态聚合物电解质  

All Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries

作　　者：陈嘉苗 熊靖雯 籍少敏[1,2] 霍延平 赵经纬[2,3] 梁亮[1,2] Jiamiao Chen;Jingwen Xiong;Shaomin Ji;Yanping Huo;Jingwei Zhao;Liang Liang(College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry,CAS,Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China;Guangzhou Tinci Materials Technology Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou 510700,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学轻工化工学院,广州510006 [2]中国科学院上海有机化学研究所有机氟化学中国科学院重点实验室,上海200032 [3]广州天赐高新材料股份有限公司,广州510700

出　　处：《化学进展》2020年第4期481-496,共16页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.61671162,21975055,21975053);广东省教育厅应用研究重大项目(No.2017KZDXM025)资助。

摘　　要：随着储能电源和电子产品以及电动汽车的迅速发展,开发高能量密度的锂离子电池已经成为现阶段研究的重点方向之一。目前,较广泛使用的液态锂离子电池,由于容易发生有机液态电解质的泄漏、燃烧、爆炸和短路等问题,存在非常大的安全隐患。因此,迫切需要开发能量密度更高,安全性更加好的锂离子电池。与现有的有机液态电解质相比,全固态聚合物电解质(All-solid-state polymer electrolyte,ASPE)具有理论比容量更高、结构可设计性强、易于大规模生产制造、排除了泄漏液体等体系安全性能好的优点,是一类具有广泛应用前景的电解质。ASPEs在锂离子电池中起到了主导作用,研究者们对其进行了大量的科研工作。本文结合并比较了典型的ASPEs(聚醚、聚酯、聚氨酯、聚硅氧烷)的最新科研进展以及本课题组的工作,回顾了这几种固态聚合物的发展,对高性能锂电池全固态电解质的制备设计、新型锂电池、界面调控和制备工艺成型等方面作了阐述,并对其未来的研究做出展望。With the rapid development of energy storage power supply,electronic products and electric vehicles,the development of high energy density lithium ion battery has become one of the key research directions.At present,more widely used liquid lithium ion battery,due to the organic liquid electrolyte leakage,combustion,explosion,short circuit and other problems,poses a very big potential safety hazard.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop lithium ion batteries with higher energy density and better safety.Compared with the existing organic liquid electrolyte,the all-solid-state polymer electrolyte(ASPE)have the advantages of higher theoretical specific capacity,stronger structural design,easier large-scale production and manufacture,and better system safety performance,which is a kind of electrolyte with wide application prospects.ASPE has played a leading role in lithium ion batteries,and researchers have done a lot of research work.This paper combines the latest scientific research progress of typical ASPE(polyether,polyester,polyurethane,polysiloxane)and the work of our group,and reviews the development of these solid polymers to develop high-performance lithium batteries.The preparation of solid electrolyte,new lithium battery,interface regulation,preparation process and other aspects have been expounded,and its future research is prospected.

关 键 词：全固态聚合物电解质 离子电导率 聚合物锂电池 

分 类 号：TM911.3[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TM912