大气PM2.5急性暴露对健康儿童3项炎症和氧化应激指标的影响  

Effects of PM2.5 acute exposure on 3 inflammation and oxidative stress indexes in healthy children

作　　者：阳晓燕[1] 李立[1] 孔建[1] 张明[1] 王君[1] 王秦[1] 徐东群[1] Yang Xiaoyan;Li Li;Kong Jian;Zhang Ming;Wang Jun;Wang Qin;Xu Dongqun(National Institute of Environmental Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100021

出　　处：《卫生研究》2020年第3期409-415,共7页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划(No.DQGG0405)。

摘　　要：目的研究大气PM2.5急性暴露对儿童呼吸系统炎症和氧化应激的影响。方法选择北京市某全寄宿学校115名9~12岁儿童,连续监测5 d PM2.5暴露浓度,用时间活动模式加PM2.5微环境浓度估算个体暴露水平,在第5 d收集呼出气冷凝液(exhaled breath condensate,EBC)和尿样,采用呼出气一氧化氮(fractional exhaled nitric oxide,FeNO)检测仪检测FeNO,采用微电极电位分析法测定EBC pH,采用酶联免疫法检测尿8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine,8-OHdG),用线性模型分析PM2.5对3项效应指标的影响。结果体检前4 d个体暴露浓度最高,为102μg/m^3,体检前2 d个体暴露浓度最低(9.19μg/m^3)。男生FeNO高于女生(P<0.05),其余指标差异无统计学意义。关联性分析发现PM2.5个体暴露浓度与FeNO有明显关联性,其中体检前0~2 d的PM2.5个体暴露浓度关联最强,PM2.5每升高10μg/m^3可引起FeNO升高29.7%,其余指标未见明显变化。性别亚组分析发现PM2.5对男生FeNO有显著性影响,研究期内PM2.5每升高10μg/m^3可引起男生FeNO升高3.47%~50.97%,但对女生的3项指标均无明显影响。结论PM2.5急性暴露可引起健康儿童FeNO升高,对男生影响强于女生,有即时和滞后效应。OBJECTIVE To determine the acute effects of exposure to fine particulate matter(PM2.5)on children’s respiratory inflammation and oxidative stress.METHODS This study was a cross-sectional study.A total of 1159-12 year-old children in boarding schools were selected as the research objects.The PM2.5 exposure concentration was continuously monitored for 5 days,and the individual exposure level was estimated by using the time activity mode and the PM2.5 microenvironment concentration.Exhaled breath condensate(EBC)and urine samples were collected on the 5 th day.Fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO)was detected by a FeNO detector,EBC pH was measured by microelectrode potential analysis method,urine 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)was detected by ELISA kit,and the effect of PM2.5 on three effect indicators was analyzed by a linear model.RESULTS The highest individual exposure concentration was 102μg/m^34 days before the physical examination,and the lowest individual exposure concentration was 9.19μg/m^32 days before the physical examination.The FeNO of boys was higher than that of girls,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).There were no significant differences between gender in other indicators.Correlation analysis found that there was a significant correlation between the exposure concentration of PM2.5 and FeNO,and the strongest correlation was 0 to 2 days before the physical examination with each 10μg/m^3 increase in PM2.5 caused a 29.7%increase in FeNO,other indicators did not change significantly.Gender subgroup analysis found that PM2.5 had a significant effect on boys’FeNO,every 10μg/m^3 increase in PM2.5 during the study period can cause an increase in boys’FeNO of 3.47%-50.97%,but had no significant effect on all three indicators of girls.CONCLUSION PM2.5 had significant effects on FeNO in healthy children with immediate and delayed effects,especially on boys.

关 键 词：细颗粒物 呼出气一氧化氮 pH 8-羟基脱氧鸟苷 儿童健康 大气污染 

分 类 号：X513.031[环境科学与工程—环境工程]