情报权限制与保障并行视角下的澳大利亚元数据监控制度研究  

Research on Australia's Metadata Intelligence Surveillance System from the Perspective of Limitations and Safeguards of Intelligence Power

作　　者：王新雷[1] 王玥[1] Wang Xinlei;Wang Yue(School of Law, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学法学院,西安710049

出　　处：《情报杂志》2020年第6期38-44,共7页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目“黑客式侦查的法律问题研究”(编号:SK2020032)的阶段性成果;陕西省社会科学基金项目“基于IT国际供应链国家安全审查的IT供应商法规遵从与应对研究”(编号:13F060)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]云计算、大数据和人工智能等技术的发展驱动了国家情报制度的变革,澳大利亚新改进的元数据情报监控制度(TIAA和TOLA)具有一定现代化参考价值,有必要剖析和借鉴其经验,完善我国元数据情报监控制度。[方法/过程]通过分析TIAA和TOLA等法规及实施概况,发现澳大利亚建立了限制与保障并行的模式:以严格的监督问责防范滥用监控,以行政授权、强制数据存留、技术协助执法制度保障情报能力。[结果/结论]TIAA和TOLA等法规的技术适应性和可操作性较强,启示我国应坚持限制与保障并行原则,从两个层面实现元数据情报监控制度现代化:在理念上,推进网络监控法治化;在制度设计上,应在灵活的行政授权基础上引入立法、司法等监督机制,同时建立科学精细的协助执法制度。[Purpose/Significance]The development of technologies such as cloud computing,big data and artificial intelligence has driven the transformation of national intelligence system.The metadata intelligence surveillance system(TIAA and TOLA)reformed in Australia has certain modern reference value.It is necessary to analyze and learn from Australia's legal experience for improving China's metadata intelligence system.[Method/Process]By analyzing the regulations such as TIAA,TOLA and their implementation,it found that Australia has established a parallel model of restriction and safeguard:to prevent abuse of surveillance through strict supervisory accountability system,and to ensure enforce law enforcement capability through administrative authorization,mandatory data retention and technical assistance law enforcement system.[Result/Conclusion]TIAA and TOLA have strong technical adaptability and operability.This suggests that China should adhere to the principle of limitation and safeguard in parallel to promote the modernization of metadata intelligence surveillance system from the macro level and micro system design.In terms of concept,we should promote the rule of law in cyber surveillance.In terms of system design,we should introduce legislative and judicial supervision mechanisms based on flexible administrative authorization,and establish a scientific and sophisticated communication assistance for law enforcement system.

关 键 词：元数据 情报权 情报监控 澳大利亚 

分 类 号：G359.3[文化科学—情报学]