布克哈特历史理论与史学理论研究述评  

A Review of Jacob Burckhardt’s Theory of History and Theory of Historiography

作　　者：艾俊树 Ai Junshu

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875

出　　处：《史学月刊》2020年第6期101-118,共18页Journal of Historical Science

摘　　要：由于布克哈特自身思维和文本语境的独特性,加之其遗稿在编译过程中的时间延迟与版本差异,迄今为止他的历史理论与史学理论尚未得到系统展现。一个多世纪以来,西方学界在布氏历史理论的前提、内涵和性质上主要讨论了其反形而上学与个体主义、历史悲观主义与历史延续性,以及布氏在古典与后现代之间的定位问题。同时,西方学界在布氏史学理论上主要讨论了布氏文化史与兰克政治史的关联、布氏的历史理解与阐释及其对历史知识理论的传承,以及布氏艺术史中的隐喻、表现与经验问题。新世纪以来,随着中国学界对布氏关注度的不断提升,当前进一步深入和扩展对布克哈特的研究,对于我们重建历史理性和历史客观性具有一定的意义。Due to the uniqueness of Jacob Burckhardt’s own thought and his textual context,as well as the time delay and edition difference of his manuscripts in the compilation process,his theory of history and theory of historiography have so far not been systematically demonstrated.For more than a century,in terms of the premise,connotation and status of Jacob Burckhardt’s theory of history,the Western academia has mainly discussed its anti-metaphysics and individualism,historical pessimism and historical continuity,and the position of Jacob Burckhardt’s theory between classicism and post-modernity.As for Jacob Burckhardt’s theory of historiography,the Western academia has focused their discussion on the relationship between the cultural history of Jacob Burckhardt and the political history of Leopold von Ranke,Burckhardt’s understanding and interpretation of history and his inheritance of the theories of historical knowledge,and moreover the metaphor,representation and experience involved in Burckhardt’s art history.Since the new century,with the increasing attention in Chinese academia on Jacob Burckhardt,it will have certain significance for us to reconstruct the historical rationality and objectivity through further deepening and expanding the study on Jacob Burckhardt.

关 键 词：布克哈特 历史理论 史学理论 文化史 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]