蟹腿关节壳聚糖的纺丝成形工艺及醇脱水处理对纤维结构性能的影响  

Spinning Process of Chitosan from Crab Leg Joint and Effect of Alcohol Dehydration Treatment on Fiber Structure and Properties

作　　者：李敬 胡广敏 林亮 卓猛 吉亚丽[1] 孙宾[1] LI Jing;HU Guangmin;LIN Liang;ZHUO Meng;JI Yali;SUN Bin(State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Hismer Biological Technology Co.Ltd.,Tai'an 271400,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620 [2]海斯摩尔生物科技有限公司,山东泰安271400

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期341-347,375,共8页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：山东省产业领军人才(战略新兴产业)计划资助项目(2016TSCYCX 18)。

摘　　要：研究了蟹腿关节壳聚糖溶液的流变行为,以及该种壳聚糖湿法纺丝成形中喷丝头拉伸倍数、凝固浴组成、干燥温度和脱水介质对壳聚糖纤维结构性能的影响。结果表明,最佳成形条件:喷丝头拉伸倍数为1.05,凝固浴为NaOH质量分数为10%的溶液和乙醇的复配液(体积比为6∶4),干燥温度为70℃。在此条件下制备得到的壳聚糖初生纤维力学性能较好,进一步分别以甲醇和乙醇溶液作为脱水剂对初生纤维进行浸泡脱水处理。结果表明:经醇脱水处理后,壳聚糖纤维的直径和平衡溶胀率减小、强度和结晶度增大,并且纤维表面更加致密,丝束之间易于分离;甲醇溶液脱水处理效果更好,可使壳聚糖纤维的断裂强度提高24.1%。The rheological behavior of the chitosan solution at the crab leg joints was studied,as well as the effects of spinneret stretching ratio,coagulation bath composition,drying temperature and dehydration medium on the structural properties of chitosan fibers in the wet spinning process.The results show that the optimal forming conditions:the spinneret draw ratio is 1.05,the compound coagulation bath is a mixture of 10%NaOH solution and ethanol solution with a volume ratio of 6∶4,and the drying temperature is 70℃.Under these conditions the mechanical properties of the nascent fiber are better.The methanol and ethanol solutions were respectively used as dehydrating agent to soak and dehydrate the nascent fiber.The results indicate that the alcohol dehydration treatment can reduce the diameter of chitosan fiber and the equilibrium swelling degree,increase the fibers tensile strength and crystallinity,and make the fiber surface more compact and easier to be separated.Among them,the dehydration of methanol solution is more effective,which can improve the tensile strength of chitosan fiber by 24.1%.

关 键 词：壳聚糖纤维 纺丝参数 甲醇脱水 乙醇脱水 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ340.64[化学工程—化纤工业]