元代民田纠纷及解决方式研究——基于农民视角的分析  

Study on Disputes over Civilian Land and Solutions in Yuan Dynasty from the Perspective of Farmers

作　　者：刘鑫凯 朱宏斌 Liu Xinkai;Zhu Hongbin

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学中国农业历史文化研究中心 [2]西北农林科技大学人文社会发展学院

出　　处：《农业考古》2020年第3期61-66,共6页Agricultural Archaeology

摘　　要：从古至今,农民是田地真正的主人,田地则是农民的命根子。元代,权贵势要及寺观扩大田土的行为,与农民获取及保有土地的诉求存在冲突,致使民田纠纷不断。从《元典章》等相关历史文献的记载来看,元代与农民有关的民田纠纷,除了农民与权贵势要的田地纠纷,还有农民与寺观的田地纠纷以及农民彼此之间的田地纠纷。发生纠纷时,双方经济、文化、政治条件的差异,都会影响到不同农民对田地纠纷解决方式的选择,经济水平低下、对官府和法律信任度低、以和为贵的农民,往往选择和解;而有一定经济能力、了解官府和法律程序或对官府抱有希望、利益诉求强烈的农民,大多选择诉讼手段以在解决纠纷中谋利或护利。Throughout the history,farmers are the true masters of fields,and fields are the lifeblood of farmers.In the Yuan Dynasty,the dignitaries and the temples expanding their land had conflicts with farmers’demands for acquiring and retaining lands,which led to constant disputes.According to related historical documents such as The Code of Yuan Dynasty,in addition to the disputes between farmers and the powerful,there were also disputes between farmers and temples,and disputes between farmers themselves.When disputes occurred,different economic,cultural,and political conditions of both sides would affect the choice of farmers in response to field disputes.Peace-loving farmers with lower economic levels and lower trust on government and laws often chose compromise while those who had higher economic ability and an understanding of the government and legal procedures or those who counted on the government with interest demands,tended to choose litigation to make profits or protect their interests.

关 键 词：元代 农民 民田纠纷 解决方式 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学]