有机肥对粉葛营养元素和产量品质的影响  

Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Nutrient Elements, Yield and Quality of Pueraria thomsonii

作　　者：何明慧 杨远宁 王艳[2] 王学礼[1] 潘国飞 欧昆鹏 He Minghui;Yang Yuanning;Wang Yan;Wang Xueli;Pan Guofei;Ou Kunpeng(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004;Biotechnology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007;Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Key Laboratory,Nanning 530007)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530004 [2]广西农业科学院生物技术研究所,南宁530007 [3]广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室,南宁530007

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2020年第16期79-83,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广西创新驱动重大专项项目“富硒粉葛标准化生产技术研究与应用”(桂科AA17202027-4);广西重点研发计划“广西粉葛富硒品种筛选及其关键技术研究与示范”(桂科AB16380087);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项“粉葛富硒机理及栽培管理技术研究”(桂农科2019M16);广西特色作物试验站“藤县粉葛试验站”(桂TS201431)。

摘　　要：为探讨施用有机肥对粉葛不同部位N、P、K的分配和产量及品质的影响,以’桂粉葛1号’为材料,采用随机区组大田试验,设置6个施肥水平。结果表明:施用有机肥提高了粉葛块根、叶中的N、P含量和藤、叶的K含量,降低了藤的N含量和块根的K含量。有机肥的施用提高了粉葛块根的产量及商品率,除A2处理外,A1、A3、A4和A5处理的商品薯产量分别提高了10.46%、5.99%、14.98%和7.17%。随着施肥量的增加块根中的淀粉和葛根素含量均呈先升高后降低的趋势,尤其是葛根素含量对有机肥的施用量特别敏感。综合考虑产量、品质及成本等因素,实际生产中有机肥施用量为6000 kg/hm^2较合适。综上,施用有机肥可改变N、P、K在块根、藤和叶片中的分配,提高粉葛块根产量及商品率,促进有效成分的合成。研究结果为粉葛种植中有机肥的合理施用提供了科学依据。To investigate the effects of organic fertilizer application on the distribution of N, P and K in different parts of Pueraria thomsonii as well as on the yield and quality, with’Guifenge No.1’as the material,a field experiment of random block group was conducted, 6 fertilization levels were set. The results showed that: the concentration of N and P in tuberous root and leaf and the concentration of K in rattan and leaf were increased by applying organic fertilizer, while the N concentration in rattan and K concentration in tuberous root were decreased. The yield and commercial rate of tuberous root of P. thomsonii were increased with the application of organic fertilizer, except A2, the yield of A1, A3, A4 and A5 was increased by 10.46%, 5.99%,14.98% and 7.17%, respectively. The concentration of starch and puerarin in tuberous roots increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer application, especially puerarin content, which was sensitive to the application amount of organic fertilizer. Considering the production, quality and cost factors, in actual production, the suitable application amount of organic fertilizer is 6000 kg/hm^2. In summary, the application of organic fertilizer could change the distribution of N, P and K in tuberous roots, rattan and leaves, improve the yield and commercial rate of tuberous roots, and promote the synthesis of effective ingredients.

关 键 词：粉葛 有机肥 N P K 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学]