东北地区夏季大气颗粒物数浓度与粒径分布特征的航测研究  

Aircraft measurements of summer atmospheric particle number concentration and size distribution in Northeast China

作　　者：牟江山 朱玉姣 单业 李洪勇 陈天舒 文亮 齐彦斌 胡建华 綦文龙 王新锋 周学华 张庆竹 王文兴 薛丽坤 MU Jiang-shan;ZHU Yu-jiao;SHAN Ye;LI Hong-yong;CHEN Tian-shu;WEN Liang;QI Yan-bin;HU Jian-hua;QI Wen-long;WANG Xin-feng;ZHOU Xue-hua;ZHANG Qing-zhu;WANG Wen-xing;XUE Li-kun(Environment Research Institute,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China;Joint Open Laboratory for Weather Modification of China Meteorological Administration,People’s Government of Jilin Province(Key Laboratory of Jilin Province),Changchun 130062,China;Jilin Province Baicheng City Artificial Rainfall Base,Baicheng 137000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学环境研究院,山东青岛266237 [2]中国气象局吉林省人民政府人工影响天气联合开放实验室,吉林长春130062 [3]吉林省白城人工增雨基地,吉林白城137000

出　　处：《地球化学》2020年第3期324-333,共10页Geochimica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2016YFC0200500);山东省自然科学基金杰出青年基金(ZR2019JQ09);国家自然科学基金(41775140)。

摘　　要：利用飞机航测于2018年夏季在东北吉林省用宽范围粒径谱仪对10 nm^10μm大气颗粒物的数浓度谱进行在线监测,分析大气颗粒物的垂直分布廓线和粒径分布特征。结果表明,东北地区近地面颗粒物数浓度为5.8×10^3~9.9×10^4 cm^−3,平均值为(2.7±2.2)×10^4 cm^−3;垂直方向上颗粒物数浓度随海拔升高整体呈降低趋势,且垂直廓线存在两种类型:一种是在边界层附近存在较明显的分界线,即在边界层下方,大气颗粒物数浓度随高度升高而显著降低,在边界层上方,大气颗粒物数浓度变化随高度变化不明显;第二种是随高度的升高,城市上空的大气颗粒物数浓度降低,且海拔高度与大气颗粒物数浓度呈现近似线性负相关的关系。在观测期间,颗粒物的粒径大多集中在爱根模态,其峰值位于25~30 nm,后向气流轨迹显示,气团来源于蒙古及内蒙古地区。在四平城市上空观测到1例新粒子生成事件,其核模态颗粒物数浓度为当日其他地区的4倍,后向气流轨迹显示其气团来源于中国辽宁省且受局地气团影响。In the summer of 2018,particle size distributions from 10 nm to 10μm were measured by a wide particle spectrometer aboard an aircraft in Jilin Province,China.The results showed that the number concentration of near-surface atmospheric particles ranged from 5.8×10^3 cm^−3 to 9.9×10^4 cm^−3,with an average value of(2.7±2.2)×10^4 cm^−3.In general,the number concentration of particles decreased with increasing altitude.Two types of vertical profile were observed.For the first type,particle number concentrations decreased sharply with increasing altitude in the boundary layer,whereas,above the boundary layer,particle number concentrations showed little vertical variation.For the second type,particle number concentrations decreased consistently with increasing altitude,and the two variables were approximately negatively correlated.During the observation,the total particle number was dominated by Aitken mode particles with a peak at 25-30 nm.The backward trajectories indicated that air masses mainly originated from Mongolia and Inner Mongolia.A new particle formation(NPF)event was observed over Siping City.The nucleation mode particle concentration over Siping was four times that of other regions on the NPF event day,and the backward trajectory denoted that the air mass originated from Liaoning Province and was affected by the local air mass.This study provides a basis for exploring regional air pollution and the vertical profile of aerosol particles in Northeast China.

关 键 词：大气颗粒物 垂直廓线 粒径分布 新粒子生成 飞机航测 

分 类 号：P593[天文地球—地球化学] X513[天文地球—地质学]