铁电材料中的电畴:形成、结构、动性及相关性能  

Domains in ferroelectrics:formation,structure,mobility and related properties

作　　者：吕笑梅[1] 黄凤珍 朱劲松[1] Lu Xiao-Mei;Huang Feng-Zhen;Zhu Jin-Song(National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures,Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures,School of Physics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学物理学院,固体微结构物理国家重点实验室,人工微结构科学与技术协同创新中心,南京210093

出　　处：《物理学报》2020年第12期166-183,共18页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51672123,11874208,61671235);国家重点研发计划(批准号:2016YFA0201004)资助的课题.

摘　　要：铁电材料的研究有近百年的历史,而铁电畴的存在是铁电材料最基本的微观结构特征.随着材料制备和表征技术的发展,铁电畴的排列组合方式对材料性能的影响越来越凸显.而近年来的研究显示,铁电畴及畴壁甚至能够作为各种微纳电子器件的独立功能单元,在信息存储、能量转换、机电驱动、量子计算等领域有着广泛的应用潜力.本文从铁电畴结构的群论推导开始,介绍了铁电畴的形成、结构到宏观力学谱和电学性能,以及利用压电力显微镜研究铁电开关、铁电畴微观特征的相关历程及现状.Ferroelectric materials with domains being the basic microstructures,have been investigated for about 100 years.With the development of the material fabrication method and the characterization technique,the important influence of domain configuration on the physical properties of ferroelectrics becomes more and more prominent.Recent researches even reveal that the domains and domain walls can act as individual functional units of micro-nano electronic devices,possessing wide potentials in the areas of information storage,energy transformation,electro-mechanical drive,quantum computation,etc.In this paper,starting from group theory analysis of domain structures,we introduce first the formation and the structures of ferroelectric domains,and then the macroscopic mechanical spectra as well as the electrical properties of the ferroelectric materials.Finally,the recent research progress of polarization switching and domain characterization by piezoresponse force microscopy are also reviewed.

关 键 词：畴结构 铁电材料 开关现象 内耗 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]