珠江河口岸线变化对潮动力的影响  

The Influence of Coastline Changes on Tidal Dynamics in the Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：王宗旭 乔煜 季小梅[1,2] 张蔚[2,3] 姚鹏[1,2] 方拥军 程梁秋[5] WANG Zong-xu;QIAO Yu;JI Xiao-mei;ZHANG Wei;YAO Peng;FANG Yong-jun;CHENG Liang-qiu(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coast Ocean Resources Development and Environment Security,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Harbour,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;China Energy Engineering Group Anhui Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230601,China;Guiyang Investigation and Design Institute of Power Construction Corporation of China,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学江苏省海岸海洋资源开发与环境安全重点实验室,南京210098 [2]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,南京210098 [3]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210098 [4]中国能源建设集团安徽省电力设计院有限公司,合肥230601 [5]中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司,贵阳550081

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2020年第3期1171-1180,共10页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(41506100);中央高校基本科研业务费(2016B07714,2017B21514,2018B13114);江苏省海岸海洋资源开发与环境安全重点实验室开放基金(JSCE201509);河海大学大学生创新创业训练计划(201910294015Z)。

摘　　要：为研究珠江河口岸线变化对潮波特征的影响,基于D-Flow FM(Delft 3D-flow flexible mesh)建立珠江河口二维水动力数值模型,模拟的水位、流速流向结果与观测数据吻合良好。利用T_TIDE对模型结果进行调和分析,通过振幅比、相位差和潮能通量探讨岸线变化对潮汐动力特征的影响。结果表明:珠江河口半日分潮M 2的振幅和1/4日分潮M 4的振幅总体均呈增大的趋势,潮能通量呈减小的趋势。珠江河口整体表现为潮汐不对称加剧,涨潮占优增强。岸线变化通过影响径流作用、河口形态、浅水效应和潮能辐聚作用,影响珠江河口的分潮振幅、相位、潮汐不对称和潮能通量等潮汐特征。由岸线变化带来的潮汐振幅增加、潮汐不对称性加剧和涨潮占优趋势加强,可能会导致风暴潮等沿海灾害和严重的淤积问题。In order to study the influence of shoreline variation on tidal wave characteristics in the Pearl River Estuary,a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the Pearl River Estuary was established based on D-Flow FM(Delft 3D-flow flexible mesh).The modeled results matched well with the observation.The harmonic analysis of the model results is carried out by T_TIDE.The influence of shoreline variation on tidal dynamic characteristics is discussed by amplitude ratio,phase difference and tidal energy flux.The results show that the semidiurnal constituent M 2 amplitude and the 1/4 diurnal constituent M 4 amplitude generally show an increasing trend.The tidal energy flux shows a decreasing trend.The whole Pearl River Estuary is characterized by the increase of tidal asymmetry and the flood dominance.By affecting runoff action,estuary morphology,shoaling effect and tidal energy convergence,the tidal characteristics of the Pearl River Estuary,such as tidal amplitude,phase,tidal asymmetry and tidal energy flux are affected by the change of shoreline.The increase of tidal amplitude,tidal asymmetry and the flood dominance caused by shoreline changes may enhance the coastal disasters such as storm surge and severe siltation problem.

关 键 词：珠江河口 岸线变化 分潮 潮汐不对称 潮能 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]