弯曲河流裁弯过程与机理综述  

Review on cutoff process and mechanism of meandering river

作　　者：李志威[1,2] 石彗岑 李贝贝 田世民 LI Zhi-wei;SHI Hui-ceng;LI Bei-bei;TIAN Shi-min(College of Hydraulic Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster prevention of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [3]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2020年第2期74-80,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51979012,51979120);湖南省科技重大专项(2018SK1010);湖南省教育厅重点项目(19A017)。

摘　　要：裁弯是弯曲河流演变过程的一种限制弯道形态继续发展的地貌突变事件,弯道裁弯过程驱动新河道开始新一轮周期性演变。目前对于弯曲河流裁弯的形态动力学过程、发生模式与机理和裁弯后上下游河道的响应仍需要进一步系统的归纳和综述。基于弯曲河流的颈口裁弯和斜槽裁弯已有研究成果,根据野外观测与遥感解译、水槽实验和数值模拟成果对裁弯过程与机理的研究进展进行全面总结,综述人工裁弯工程的相关研究成果。弯曲河流裁弯演变的进一步研究方向应考虑漫滩水流、滨河植被和渗流作用对裁弯过程的影响。Meander river cutoff is an extremely geomorphic event in long-term fluvial morphological processes,which limits the infinite development of channel morphology and drives a new channel to start a new cyclical of river processes.At present,it still lacks a systematic review for the morphodynamic processes,triggering pattern and mechanism,and response to upstream and downstream channel in the post-cutoff period.Based on previous studies on neck cutoff and chute cutoff,the research progress of natural cutoff is comprehensively summarized from three aspects as:field observation and remote sensing interpretation,flume experiment,and numerical simulation.Meanwhile,artificial cutoff engineering is also reviewed.Finally the impacts of overbank flow,riparian vegetation,and seepage on cutoff processes and mechanisms are suggested to be further studied in the future.

关 键 词：弯曲河流 颈口裁弯 斜槽裁弯 崩岸 漫滩水流 滨河植物 

分 类 号：TV147.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]