民族区域自治的本质特征:自治抑或共治?  

The Essential Characteristic of Regional Ethnic Autonomy:Autonomy or Co-governance

作　　者：朱碧波[1] ZHU Bibo(School of History and Administration, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学历史与行政学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《内蒙古师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第3期77-83,共7页Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“当代中国族际政治整合的理论与实践研究”(14CZZ010)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：民族区域自治的本质特征是民族自治还是民族共治,学界近年来争论不休。民族自治理论认为民族区域自治本质上是自治民族在国家法律范围之内行使自治权。民族自治权是一种天赋权利,民族自治要求自治机关民族化,并拥有一定的“对抗权”。民族共治理论认为民族区域自治的本质特征是各民族共同当家作主、共同管理地方公共事务。事实上,仔细权衡民族区域自治的宪法本意和创制旨趣,民族共治更加符合民族区域自治的原初宗旨。民族自治理论不仅混淆民族权利与民族权力之区别,而且其设想的“对抗权”也面临难以言喻的法理困境和操作难题。It has been debated in academic circles in recent years about the issue of whether the essential characteristic of regional ethnic autonomy is autonomy or co-governance.The theory of ethnic autonomy regards exerting autonomous rights under the national laws as the basic and natural essential of the regional ethnic autonomy,which emphasizes the ethnicity and a certain degree of“right of confrontation”of the autonomous institutes.The theory of ethnic co-governance holds that all ethnic groups are masters of the country and should manage the country together.Ethnic autonomy is a theoretical proposition that cannot be proved but can be falsified.In fact,considering the original intention of the constitution and the creation of regional ethnic autonomy in China,co-governance is more in line with the designed purpose.The theory of ethnic autonomy not only confuses the distinction between ethnic rights and ethnic powers,but also confronts the legal dilemma and operational difficulties of its“right of confrontation”.

关 键 词：民族区域自治 民族自治 民族共治 

分 类 号：D633.2[政治法律—政治学]