一种综合DEM和遥感影像提取洪积扇的方法  

A method for extracting alluvial fan based on DEM and remote sensing data

作　　者：梁凯旋 章桂芳 张浩然 LIANG Kaixuan;ZHANG Guifang;ZHANG Haoran(School of Earth Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;Guangdong Provincal Key Lab of Geodynamics and Geohazards, Guangzhou 510275, China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519000, China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地球科学与工程学院,广州510275 [2]广东省地球动力作用与地质灾害重点实验室,广州510275 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),珠海519000

出　　处：《国土资源遥感》2020年第2期138-145,共8页Remote Sensing for Land & Resources

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目“基于遥感的珠江河口悬浮泥沙时空动态特征研究”(编号:201707010209);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目“丹霞地貌发育阶段的定量表征及因素分析”(编号:2019A1515010733);高校基本科研业务费青年教师培育基金项目“基于高光谱的新疆天山地区油苗出露区光谱响应特征研究”(编号:17lgpy49);国家自然科学基金项目“含油气盆地地表典型烃蚀变高光谱遥感响应机理研究”(编号:41402297)和“晋陕峡谷阶地分布的时空差异及其对黄河行程演化的反映”(编号:41572178)共同资助.

摘　　要：综合数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)和遥感影像数据,提出了一种通过确定洪积扇的扇顶点、扇前缘点和侧面边缘点来实现洪积扇提取的新方法。首先,基于水文分析确定洪积扇的扇顶点;其次,根据洪积扇与冲积平原交界处有明显坡折的特点,基于DEM高程拟合确定扇前缘点;然后,通过DEM高程拟合和遥感影像特征共同确定侧面边缘点。选取贺兰山东麓作为试验区对区域内的洪积扇进行提取,与目视解译的结果对比表明,提取的洪积扇形态更加客观和稳定,同时对植被覆盖和人类活动影响较大地区的洪积扇具有很好的提取效果,克服了目视解译的局限性。该方法对实现洪积扇的自动提取,进而进行其形态和沉积特征研究具有重要意义。Based on DEM and remote sensing data,this paper proposes a new method for extracting alluvial fan by determining the fan apex point,leading edge points and side edge points.Firstly,the fan apex point is determined by hydrological analysis.Secondly,the fan leading edge points are determined by DEM elevation fitting curve according to the obvious slope break at the boundary of alluvial fan and alluvial plain.Finally,the side edge points are interpreted by DEM elevation fitting curve and remote sensing data.Taking the eastern foot of Helan Mountain as a study case,the authors detected that the alluvial fans extracted by the proposed method are more objective and stable than visual interpretation from available studies.Moreover,this method can extract the alluvial fan more effectively under the complex condition with vegetation coverage and human activities,which is difficult for visual interpretation.The method is significant for alluvial fan extraction and also for the research on landform and sedimentary characteristics of alluvial fan.

关 键 词：洪积扇 扇前缘 扇顶 扇侧面边缘 DEM 贺兰山 

分 类 号：TP751.1[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]