佛山市南海区预防接种门诊手足口病病原体的污染风险分析  

Contamination risk analysis of hand-foot-and-mouth disease pathogens in vaccination clinics in Nanhai district of Foshan city

作　　者：关倩雅 曾鸿[1] 邱宗耀[1] 钱树星 钟曼华 梁婉玲[1] 李伟南 GUAN Qian-ya;ZENG Hong;QIU Zong-yao;QIAN Shu-xing;ZHONG Man-hua;LIANG Wan-ling;LI Wei-nan(Foshan Nanhai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Foshan,Guangdong 528200;Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市南海区疾病预防控制中心,广东佛山528200 [2]广东药科大学,广东广州510006

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2020年第4期558-561,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：佛山市卫生和计生局医学科研课题立项(20170246)。

摘　　要：目的了解佛山市南海区预防接种门诊手足口病病原体污染现状,为接种门诊院感防控提供科学依据。方法用拭子采样法采集预防接种门诊各类物体表面,通过实时定量荧光PCR方法,进行手足口病病原体分型检测,掌握其污染情况。结果采集14间预防接种门诊环境涂抹拭子共358份,46份为肠道病毒通用型核酸检测阳性,阳性率为12.85%(46/358)。阳性率最高是洗手间非感应式水龙头开关(66.67%),最低是候诊区椅子(5.26%)。面积300 m^2以下接种门诊检出阳性门诊占比(75.00%)高于300 m^2以上(16.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);日接种量500人次以上的接种门诊检出阳性门诊占比(100.00%)高于500人次以下(22.22%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。"AAA级"接种门诊肠道病毒阳性率(14.93%)高于"AAAAA级"(6.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);独立建筑的接种门诊肠道病毒阳性率(3.57%)明显低于非独立建筑的(17.07%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论预防接种门诊可能是社区散居儿童手足口病感染的重要来源之一,科学设置、规范建设预防接种门诊和进一步落实物表消毒措施是降低儿童在接种门诊内感染手足口病风险的重要措施。Objective To understand the present situation of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)pathogen contamination in vaccination clinics in Nanhai district of Foshan city,and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infection in vaccination clinics.Methods Using swab sampling method to collect surface of various objects in vaccination clinic,Real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR was used to detect the pathogens of hand,foot and mouth disease.Results A total of 358 swabs were collected from 14 environmental vaccination clinics,46 of which were positive for enterovirus universal nucleic acid test,and the positive rate was 12.85%.The highest positive rate was the non-inductive faucet switch in the toilet(66.67%)and the lowest was the chair in the waiting area(5.26%).The proportion of outpatient clinics with positive vaccination volume with an area of less than 300 m^2(75.00%)was higher than that of more than 300 m^2(16.67%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of outpatient clinics with positive vaccination volume of more than 500 vaccinations per day(100.00%)was higher than that of less than 500 vaccinations per day(22.22%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive rate of"AAA"vaccination clinic(14.93%)was significantly higher than that of"AAAAA"vaccination clinic(6.67%)(P<0.05).The positive rate of vaccination clinics in independent buildings(3.57%)was significantly lower than that in non-independent buildings(17.07%)(P<0.05).Conclusions Vaccination clinics may be one of the important sources of HFMD infection among scattered children in community.Scientific establishment,standardized construction of vaccination clinics and further implementation of surface disinfection measures are important measures to reduce children′s risk of hand,foot and mouth disease infection in vaccination clinics.

关 键 词：预防接种门诊 手足口病病原体 污染调查 医院感染 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]