现场混装乳化炸药在炸礁工程中敏化技术研究  

Sensitization technology of on-site mixing&loading emulsion explosive inreef blasting engineering

作　　者：肖建国 姚方明 刘深[2] 岑文杰[2] XIAO Jian-guo;YAO Fang-ming;LIU Shen;CEN Wen-jie(Guangxi Newharbour Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Nanning,Guangxi 530200,China;The Third Engineering Company of CCCC Fourth Harbor Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西新港湾工程有限公司,广西南宁530200 [2]中交四航局第三工程有限公司,广东湛江524000

出　　处：《中国港湾建设》2020年第6期34-38,共5页China Harbour Engineering

摘　　要：为解决航道疏浚炸礁工程应用乳化炸药现场混装技术中,一方面装药密度过高的乳胶炸药在常温下用雷管难以直接引爆,而另一方面装药密度过低会出现乳化炸药上浮的技术难题。根据乳化炸药爆炸机理,进行炸药乳胶基质的敏化试验研究,提出对于航道疏浚炸礁工程中应用乳化炸药现场混装技术的敏化剂--浓度10%的亚硝酸钠溶液添加量为3.5%质量份,发泡助剂--柠檬酸添加量0.15%,敏化时间为8~10 min,乳化炸药经本工艺敏化的装药密度为1.10~1.20 g/cm^3,爆速4200~4500 m/s,传爆长度≥6 m,航道疏浚炸礁工程应用乳化炸药现场混装技术中,该成果提高了爆破作业的施工效率和施工安全性。In order to solve the problem of emulsion explosive on-site mixing & loading technology applied in the reef blasting engineering of waterway dredging, on the one hand, it is difficult to directly detonate emulsion explosive with detonator under normal temperature with high loading density, on the other hand, it will cause the technical problem of emulsion explosive floating up if the loading density is too low. According to the explosion mechanism of emulsion explosive, the sensitization test of emulsion matrix of explosive was carried out. For the on-site mixing & loading technology of emulsion explosive used in the reef blasting engineering of waterway dredging, it is proposed that the sensitizer-sodium nitrite solution(concentration 10%) is3.5%, the foaming agent-citric acid is 0.15%, the sensitization time is 8-10 min, the loading density of emulsion explosive is 1.10-1.20 g/cm^3, the explosion speed is 4 200-4 500 m/s, and the explosion transmission length≥6 m. The results improve the construction efficiency and safety of emulsion explosive in the application of on-site mixing & loading technology in the reef blasting engineering of waterway dredging.

关 键 词：乳化炸药 敏化 装药密度 敏化剂 炸礁 

分 类 号：U616.24[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]