美国密歇根州大坝溃决事件的分析与思考  

Analysis and discussion on dam failure accidents in Michigan,USA

作　　者：徐泽平[1] XU Zeping(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2020年第6期8-13,51,共7页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

摘　　要：2020年5月,在持续降雨作用下,美国密歇根州提塔巴瓦西(Tittabawassee)河伊登维尔(Eden⁃ville)大坝和桑福德(Sanford)大坝相继发生溃坝,导致水库下游重大淹没损失,上万人被迫紧急撤离,引起国际大坝工程界高度关注。梳理了2座大坝溃坝事件的发生经过,从气象条件、大坝结构、运行管理等方面对造成溃坝的原因进行了分析,介绍了此次溃坝事故应急响应情况,并对保障大坝安全运行与管理需要注意的问题进行了讨论与思考。此次大坝溃决事件中的教训经验可供全球各国大坝安全管理参考。Due to continuous rainfall,the Edenville Dam and Sanford Dam on the Tittabawassee River in Michigan,USA,failed successively in May 2020.The significant loss due to the inundation and forced evacuation of more than ten thousands people in the downstream has sparked concerns about dam safety among global dam engineering community.The dam breach accidents are reviewed and the causes are analyzed in terms of meteorological conditions,dam structure and dam operation.The emergency mechanism implemented in this accident is introduced.The key points to ensure the safe operation and management of the dams are discussed and analyzed.The lessons and the experiences from the accidents can be taken as references.

关 键 词：溃坝 大坝安全 大坝运行管理 持续强降雨 土坝 伊登维尔大坝 桑福德大坝 美国 

分 类 号：TV698.2[水利工程—水利水电工程]