美国公共图书馆代际项目的发展现状及特点分析  

Analysis of the Progress and Characteristics of Intergenerational Programs in American Public Libraries

作　　者：苗美娟[1] Miao Meijuan

机构地区：[1]北京大学信息管理系,北京100871

出　　处：《图书与情报》2020年第2期103-111,共9页Library & Information

摘　　要：文章通过邮件、电话、当面访谈和实地考察等方式对美国公共图书馆代际项目的发展现状及特点进行了介绍与分析。美国公共图书馆所开展的代际项目数量有限,但类型多种多样。代际项目发起的主要原因是图书馆对社区中存在问题或未满足需求与社区可利用资源的有效匹配,面向人群主要为社区中弱势或服务不足的老年人和年轻人,核心理念是促进二者之间的相互支持并发展互惠关系。代际项目的运作特点包括强调参与者的平等与互惠、给予参与者充分自主权、注重与不同部门和机构间的合作、发起者多为儿童和青少年部门等。文章从年轻人、老年人、图书馆、社区四个层面分析了代际项目产生的影响。This paper introduced and analyzed the development status and characteristics of intergenerational programs(IPs)in American public libraries through e-mail,telephone,face-to-face interviews and field observation.The number of IPs in American public libraries was limited,but the types were diverse.The most common reason for IPs was based on the effective match between problems or unmet needs and available resources in the community,the main beneficiaries were the vulnerable or underserved elderly and young people,the core idea was to promote mutual support and develop mutually beneficial relationships between older and younger people.The common features of IPs included emphasizing equality and reciprocity among participants,giving participants full autonomy,focusing on cooperation with different departments and institutions,and children's and youth departments as the primary sponsoring departments.This paper analyzed the influence of IPs from the perspectives of the young,the old,the library and the community.

关 键 词：公共图书馆 代际项目 代际服务 美国 

分 类 号：G259.712[文化科学—图书馆学] G252