不同施氮水平对间作小麦、蚕豆磷吸收的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Phosphorus Uptake in Wheat and Faba Bean Intercropping System

作　　者：刘英超 郑毅[2] 汤利[2] LIU Ying-chao;ZHENG Yi;TANG Li(Department of Science and Technology,Kunming University,Yunnan Kunming 650214,China;College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural)

机构地区：[1]昆明学院科研处,云南昆明650214 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第5期1028-1034,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460551,31260504);云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项资金项目[2019FH001(-056)];国家重点研发计划资助(2017YFD0200200,2017YFD0200207);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2020J0524);昆明学院人才引进科学研究启动项目。

摘　　要：【目的】为了揭示在不同施氮水平下,间作小麦蚕豆各生育期磷养分吸收累积规律。【方法】通过盆栽试验,研究不同氮水平(N/2、N、3N/2)对间作小麦、蚕豆的磷养分动态累积吸收变化和养分竞争规律的影响。【结果】推荐施氮水平下(N),小麦、蚕豆生物量最高;相同施氮水平下,与单作相比,间作提高了小麦、蚕豆生物量。随施氮量增加,小麦、蚕豆磷养分吸收量增加。与单作相比,间作小麦提高了磷养分吸收量,间作小麦灌浆期至成熟期磷养分吸收量分别提高了20%~72.8%和20%~28.12%,蚕豆差异不明显。同时,随施氮量增加,小麦磷养分吸收速率增加,蚕豆磷吸收速率减少。与单作相比,间作提高了小麦磷吸收速率,3个施氮水平下,间作小麦抽穗至成熟期磷养分吸收速率分别提高了0.1~5.3倍、21.9%~90%和2%~242%;常规施氮和高氮水平下,间作蚕豆分枝期至鼓粒期磷养分吸收速率分别增加了38.4%~89.8%和8.7%~48.6%。【结论】氮肥施用量和间作种植方式同时改变了小麦、蚕豆生物量和磷素吸收累积。【Objective】The present paper aimed to to reveal the absorption and accumulation of phosphorus nutrients during the growth period of intercropped wheat and faba bean with different nitrogen application levels.【Method】By pot experiment,the effects of different nitrogen levels(N/2,N,3N/2)on the dynamic accumulation of phosphorus nutrients and nutrient competition in wheat intercropped faba bean were studied.【Result】Wheat and faba beans had the highest biomass under the recommended nitrogen application level(N).At the same nitrogen level,intercropping increased the biomass of wheat and faba beans compared with monoculture.Phosphorus uptake of wheat and faba bean increased as the increase of nitrogen fertilizer.Compared with mono-cropping,phosphorus nutrient uptake of intercropping wheat was increased by 20%-72.8%and 20%-28.12%respectively during grouting period to maturity period,faba bean had not obvious significance.Meanwhile,phosphorus uptake rate of wheat was increased,while which of faba bean was decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer.Compared with mono-cropping,phosphorus nutrient uptake rate of intercropping wheat was increased by 0.1-5.3 times,21.9%-90%and 2%-242%respectively during grouting period to maturity period under all three N levels;however,under adequate and excessive nitrogen levels,phosphorus nutrient uptake rate of intercropping faba bean was increased by 38.4%-89.8%and 8.7%-48.6%during branching period to seed filing period.【Conclusion】Nitrogen fertilizer application and plant pattern all changed the biomass and P uptake accumulation of wheat and faba bean.

关 键 词：氮水平 小麦 蚕豆 间作 磷 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]