1-溴丙烷经口染毒大鼠亚急性毒性研究  

Sub-acute toxicity of 1-bromopropane oral exposure in rats

作　　者：宋向荣[1] 罗巧[1] 戎伟丰[1] 陈晓燕[1] 李宏玲[1] 张爱华[1] 谢国强[1] 陈丹苹 SONG Xiangrong;LUO Qiao;RONG Weifeng;CHEN Xiaoyan;LI Hongling;ZHANG Aihua;XIE Guoqiang;CHEN Danping(Guangdong Prorince Haspial for Occupational Disease Prerention and Treatment,Guangdong Prorincial Key Laboratory of Oeeupational Diseuse Prevenuion and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2020年第1期35-40,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金(A2016458,A2016155);广东省省级科技计划项目(2016A020215131)。

摘　　要：目的观察1-溴丙烷经口灌胃染毒28 d对SD大鼠的亚急性毒性作用。方法将无特定病原体级健康成年雌性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和染毒组,每组8只。采用经口灌胃染毒法,染毒组大鼠予剂量为800 mg/kg体质量的1-溴丙烷(玉米油配制),对照组大鼠予等体积玉米油,1次/d,每周染毒5 d,连续4周。末次染毒后采集大鼠血液和尿液进行1-溴丙烷水平检测,并进行血液学检查,采集大鼠脑、心脏、肺脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏,进行大体病理检查和组织病理学检查。结果染毒组大鼠染毒第3周开始出现站立不稳、后肢无力、跛行及卧伏等症状。染毒组大鼠染毒第1~4周体质量均低于对照组(P<0.05)。染毒组大鼠尿中1-溴丙烷水平高于血中(P<0.05),但两者呈正相关(Spearman相关系数=0.954,P<0.01);对照组大鼠尿和血中均未检出1-溴丙烷。与对照组比较,染毒组大鼠脑组织和肺脏绝对质量均降低(P<0.05),心脏、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏的脏器系数均升高(P<0.05),红细胞数、血红蛋白水平、红细胞压积、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度和血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯均降低(P<0.05)。染毒组大鼠各主要脏器均未观察到与1-溴丙烷染毒相关的病理病变。结论1-溴丙烷经口染毒的亚急性毒性作用主要表现为神经毒性和血液毒性;尿中1-溴丙烷的水平可作为其生物接触标志物。Objective To observe the sub-acute toxicity of 1-bromopropane(1-BP)oral exposure for 28 days in SD rats.Methods Specific pathogen free adult female SD rats were randomly assigned to the control and exposed group,8 rats in each group.The 1-BP was suspended in corn oil and administered by gavages in a dose of 800 mg/kg body weight to rats in the exposed group,once a day,5 days per week for 4 weeks.The rats in the control group were given equal volume of corn oil.After the last exposure,blood and urine of rats were collected for 1-BP level detection and hematological examination.Brain,heart,lung,liver,kidney and spleen of rats were collected for gross pathological examination and histopathological examination.Results The rats of exposed group showed unstable standing,weakness of hind limbs,limping and lying down from the 3 rd week of exposure.From the 1 st to 4 th week of exposure,mean body weight of rats in the exposed group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).In the exposed group,the level of 1-BP in urine was higher than that in blood(P<0.05),and that there was positive correlation between them(Spearman correlation coefficient=0.954,P<0.01).In the control group,1-BP was not detected.The absolute weights of brain and lung tissue in the exposure group decreased(P<0.05),meanwhile the organ coefficients of heart,liver,spleen and kidney were significantly increased compared with the control group(P<0.05).The number of red blood cells,hemoglobin concentration,hematocrit,the mean hemoglobin concentration,the total serum cholesterol and triglycerides were decreased(P<0.05).No pathological change related to 1-BP exposure was observed in the main organs of the rats in the exposed group.Conclusion The sub-acute oral toxicity of 1-BP is mainly neurotoxicity and hematotoxicity.The 1-BP level in urine may reflect its exposure.

关 键 词：1-溴丙烷 灌胃染毒 大鼠 亚急性 神经毒性 血液毒性 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学] R135.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]