75家机构毒性病理诊断比对结果分析  

Analysis of patho-toxicological diagnostic comparison results in 75 institutions

作　　者：蔡婷峰[1] 宋向荣[1] 陈丹苹 黄曼琪 马超亚[1] 陈晓燕[1] 梁旻炜 王海兰[1] CAI Tingfeng;SONG Xiangrong;CHEN Danping;HUANG Manqi;MA Chaoya;CHEN Xiaoyan;LIANG Minwei;WANG Hailan(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2020年第1期67-70,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金(A2018311);广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2017B030314152)。

摘　　要：目的评价我国毒性病理检测机构的毒性病理诊断能力。方法选择参加"2018年度毒性病理检测实验室室间比对活动"的机构(以下简称"参比单位")为研究对象。选取2年致癌试验SD大鼠的心脏、脾脏、皮肤、软组织、肝脏和乳腺,4周毒性试验Beagle犬的股骨及膝关节、鼻腔,共10个病理组织作为比对样品,由参比单位的病理诊断人员进行病理诊断,回报诊断结果。由中国毒理学会毒理病理学专业委员会指定专家对诊断结果与指定值进行比较。结果来自全国24个省、直辖市自治区的75家参比单位共167名病理诊断人员参加了比对活动。参比单位主要分布于华东、华南和华北地区,共占77.3%(58/75)。75家参比单位共反馈750个有效诊断结果;其中,关于心脏、脾脏、皮肤、软组织及乳腺样品的诊断合格率均大于60.0%;股骨及膝关节、鼻腔样品的合格率较低,分别为30.7%和6.7%。总体结果评价为"不合格""合格""优秀"等级的参比单位分别有1、46和28家,分别占1.3%、61.4%、37.3%。结论我国大部分毒性病理检测机构的毒性病理诊断水平较高,可为所开展的毒理学安全评价试验提供较为可靠的诊断结果。Objective To evaluate the diagnostic ability of toxicity pathology in patho-toxicological testing institutions in China.Methods The institutions participated in the 2018 Interlaboratory Comparison Activity of Toxicity Pathology Testing(hereinafter referred to as reference unit)were selected as the research subjects.The heart,spleen,skin,soft tissue,liver and mammary gland of SD rats of different groups in the 2-year carcinogenesis test were selected.The femur,knee joint and nose of Beagle dogs in the 4-week toxicity test and a total of 10 pathological tissues were selected as the comparison samples.The pathological diagnosis was carried out by the pathological diagnostic personnel of the reference unit,and the diagnostic results were reported.The expert appointed by the Toxicology and Pathology Committee of Chinese Toxicology Association compared the diagnostic results with the appointed value.Results A total of 167 pathological diagnostic personnel from 75 reference units in 24 provinces and municipalities participated in the comparison activity.The reference units were mainly distributed in East China,South China and North China,accounting for 77.3%(58/75).Totally 75 reference units fed back 750 effective diagnostic results.The qualified rates of diagnosis on heart,spleen,skin,soft tissue and breast samples were higher than 60.0%.The qualified rates of diagnosis on femur and knee joint,and nose samples were low(30.7%and 6.7%,respectively).There were 1(1.3%),46(61.4%)and 28(37.3%)reference units rated as unqualified,qualified and excellent,respectively.Conclusion Most of the testing institutions in China have a high level of patho-toxicological diagnostic ability,that can provide reliable diagnostic results for toxicology safety evaluation tests.

关 键 词：毒性病理 诊断 实验室 室间比对 能力验证 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]