中医治法体系下之敛法及其临证应用  

Astringent method and its clinical application under the system of traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：刘烨[1] 吕晓东[1] 臧凝子[2] LIU Ye;LYU Xiao-dong;ZANG Ning-zi(Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,China;The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110032,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学,沈阳110847 [2]辽宁中医药大学附属医院,沈阳110032

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2020年第5期2436-2439,共4页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：“十二五”国家中医药管理局中医络病重点学科建设项目,辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”高水平创新团队:肺络病证治体系构建及应用创新团队(No.XLYC1808011)。

摘　　要：敛法,即“收敛、固涩”之法,有收敛补益、固护正气之功。临床上凡是组方以收敛药为主,亦或有收敛固涩之功的方剂,均属于敛法范畴。《本草纲目》言:“脱则散而不收,故用酸涩之药,以敛其耗散”。故而临证中,敛法所用的中药主要以味酸为主。按其所用之对象,可分为敛气、敛血、敛津、敛阴、敛汗等;而通过其作用脏腑之不同,又可分为敛肺、敛肝、收肾、敛心、敛肠等。至于敛法所用之方剂,功效常见有收敛止血、固表止汗、敛肺止咳、敛津涩肠、固精缩尿止带。敛法作为正治法,适用于久病、虚证。若是新病、实证等,错用收涩,后患更多,临证应审病度势,把握分寸。Astringent method,just as its name implies,is a method of'astringing and retaining',which delivers the efficacy of astringing,benefiting and conserving the vital qi.In clinical practice,all prescriptions that take astringents as the main ingredients or deliver astringent efficacy belong to the scope of astringent method.As described in Bencao Gangmu,for symptom of falling apart without astringing,sour medicine is used to astringe the dissipation\Therefore,in clinical practice,the traditional Chinese medicines used in astringent method are primarily sour medicines.By object of effect,the method can be used to retain qi,retain blood,retain fluid,retain yin and retain sweat,etc.;by internal organs of effect,it can be used to astringe the lung,astringe the Kver,astringe the kidney,astringe the heart,and astringe intestines,etc.As to the prescriptions used in the astringent method,the common efficacies include astringing to stop bleeding,astringing the surface to stop sweating,astringing the lung to stop coughing,retaining fluid and astringing intestines,securing essence to reduce urination and arrest leucorrhoea.As an orthodox treatment,astringent method is to promote curing of disease through methods of astringing etc.,soit is suitable to aeipathia and deficiency syndrome.For recent disease and excess symptoms etc.,if astringent method is inappropriately used,it will bringing more future troubles.Therefore,astringent method shall be used appropriately based on the disease conditions and judgment.

关 键 词：敛法 治法 中医 临证应用 

分 类 号：R242[医药卫生—中医临床基础]