笃斯越桔繁育系统特征及花粉离体萌发的影响因素  

Characteristics of Breeding System and Influencing Factors of Pollen Germination in Vitro of Vaccinium uliginosum

作　　者：王瑜 刘喆[1] 杨浩博 李彤 宗成文[1] WANG Yu;LIU Zhe;YANG Haobo;LI Tong;ZONG Chengwen(College of Agriculture,Yanbian University,Yanji 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,延吉133002

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2020年第1期34-40,共7页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460504,31760557)。

摘　　要：以汪清兰家林场采集的笃斯越桔花粉及延边大学农学院的笃斯越桔花朵为试材,研究了笃斯越桔的开花生物学特性,对笃斯越桔的花粉离体萌发影响因素、柱头可授性、花粉胚珠比、繁育系统等方面进行了研究。结果表明:笃斯越桔花序开花的顺序:中上部-顶部-下部;最适花粉离体萌发的因素是在蔗糖浓度为15%,硼酸浓度为300 mg/L,p H 6.5,在500 lx的光强下培养12 h,并在4℃低温下可对笃斯越桔花粉进行短期贮藏,-20℃下可对笃斯越桔花粉作较长期安全贮藏;用联苯胺-过氧化氢法测定柱头可授性,柱头在花蕾期时就具有可授性,盛花初期至落花期可授性最强;笃斯越桔杂交指数OCI为3,结合花粉-胚珠比(P∶O)及坐果率判断其繁育系统为兼性异交。Taking pollens of Vaccinium uliginsum collected from Wangqing Lanjia Forest Farm and Vaccinium uliginsum flowers from Agricultural College of Yanbian University as test materials,the flowering biological characteristics and in vitro germination of Vaccinium uliginsum were investigated.The influencing factors of pollen germination in vitro,stigma receptivity,pollen ovule ratio,and breeding system were studied.The results showed that the order of inflorescence flowering in Vaccinium uliginsum was:middle-upper-top-lower.The optimal pollen isolation germination conditions were:sucrose concentration 15%,boric acid concentration 300 mg/L,pH 6.5,cultured under 500 lx light intensity for 12 h,at 4℃low temperature for short-term storage of pollens,and at-20℃for longer-term storage of pollens.The stigma receptivity was determined by the benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method,and the stigma was receptive at the bud stage.From the early flowering stage to the flowering stage,the receptivity of the flower was the strongest.The hybrid index of Vaccinium uliginsum was 3,and by combining pollen-ovule ratio(P∶O)and fruit setting rate,the breeding system was determined to be facultative outcrossing.

关 键 词：笃斯越桔 开花生物学特性 繁育系统 花粉萌发率 柱头可授性 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]