被动吸烟对雄性大鼠学习记忆能力的影响  

Effects of cigarettes exposure on learning and memory ability in male rats

作　　者：姚艳玲 张静[2] 李林林 黄小溪 买提娜什·那吾塔依 黄云飞[2] 张晨[2] YAO Yan-ling;ZHANG Jing;LI Lin-lin;HUANG Xiao-xi;MAITINASHI Nawuta-yi;HUANG Yun-fei;ZHANG Chen(The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830001,China;Department of Public Healh of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830001,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第五附属医院,新疆乌鲁木齐830001 [2]新疆医科大学公卫学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830001

出　　处：《毒理学杂志》2020年第2期115-118,125,共5页Journal of Toxicology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2018D01C179)。

摘　　要：目的探讨吸烟对雄性大鼠学习记忆的影响及可能机制。方法 40只雄性SD大鼠分为对照组(吸入新鲜空气),低剂量组(10根香烟/d),中剂量组(20根香烟/d),高剂量组(30根香烟/d),每组10只动物。香烟烟雾吸入12周后,利用Morris水迷宫试验检测大鼠学习记忆能力,包括定位航行实验(实验第1~4天)和空间探索实验(实验第5天)。苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察海马组织细胞的病理学改变。TUNEL染色法分析海马细胞凋亡情况;免疫组织化学方法评价Caspase-3在海马组织中的表达水平。结果吸烟12周后,大鼠的空间学习能力受到不同程度的损害,并且随吸烟量的增加而加重。吸烟引起了大鼠海马结构的形态学异常。随着吸烟量的增加,海马神经细胞的凋亡数量逐渐增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。海马组织中Caspase-3的表达水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论吸烟可能会引起Caspase-3介导的海马神经细胞凋亡从而进一步损伤大鼠的空间学习记忆能力。Objective To investigate the effects and probable mechanism of cigarettes exposure on learning and memory in male rats. Methods Forty male SD rats were divided into four groups randomly: control group(fresh air), low dose(10 cigarettes/d), medium dose(20 cigarettes/d), and high dose group(30 cigarettes/d), 10 animals each group. After cigarettes-exposure for 12 weeks, Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the spatial learning and memory ability of rats, including navigational(the 1 st to 4 th day) and space exploration experiments(the 5 th day). The pathological changes of rat hippocampal neurons were determined by HE staining. TUNEL method was used to analyze the apoptosis of hippocampus cells. The immunohistochemical method was used to evaluate the levels of Caspase-3 in rat hippocampus. Result After 12 weeks of cigarettes-exposure, the spatial learning ability of male SD rats was impaired to varying degrees parallel to the increase of cigarette dose. HE staining showed that cigarette caused abnormal changes in rat hippocampal formation. The TUNEL method showed that the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons increased with the doses of cigarette(P<0.01). The expression levels of Caspase-3 in hippocampus increased significantly in cigarettes-exposed rats compared with the control rats(P<0.01). Conclusion Cigarettes might affect the spatial learning and memory ability in rats probably through Caspase-3 related apoptosis pathway.

关 键 词：被动吸烟 学习记忆 CASPASE-3 凋亡 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]