乙烯抑制剂对棉花生长发育及产量形成的影响  

Effects of Ethylene Inhibitors on Cotton Growth and Yield Formation

作　　者：李鹏兵 路茜 李明华 杨思宇 文明 赵云 刘扬 马富裕[1] LI Pengbing;LU Xi;LI Minghua;YANG Siyu;WEN Ming;ZHAO Yun;LIU Yang;MA Fuyu(Key laboratory for Oasis Eco-agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps / School of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China;Qitai Wheat Experiment Station, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qitai Xinjiang 831800, China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院/新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆农业科学院奇台麦类试验站,新疆奇台831800

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2020年第6期1009-1017,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201900);国家自然科学基金-地区基金(31860346);新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目(2018AA00403);石河子大学高层次人才科研启动项目(RCSX2018B09);石河子大学新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态重点实验室开放课题发展基金(201802)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究2种乙烯抑制剂对棉花生长发育和产量的影响,为棉花高产提供理论依据。【方法】采用大田试验研究2种不同的乙烯抑制剂对棉花干物质积累特性以及品质和产量的影响。试验设计为叶面喷施α-氨基异丁酸(AIB,浓度分别为100 mg/L(AIB1)、150 mg/L(AIB2)、200 mg/L(AIB3))、硝酸银(AgNO3,浓度分别为2 mg/L(Ag1)、3 mg/L(Ag2)、4 mg/L(Ag3))。【结果】2种乙烯抑制剂喷施处理均能促进棉花叶面积指数、相对叶绿素含量、果枝数的增加;AIB处理和AgNO3处理均增加了现蕾数和铃数。乙烯抑制剂通过增加叶面积指数,相对叶绿素含量提高干物质积累,增加了同化物向生殖器官转化,增加了铃数,保持较高铃重,进而提高了产量。【结论】叶面喷施AIB、AgNO3能有效提高棉花产量。叶面喷施AIB在促进棉株叶面积指数、干物质积累和产量方面效果较好。【Objective】To study the effects of two ethylene inhibitors on cotton growth and yield,and to provide theoretical basis for high yield of cotton.【Methods】The effects of two different plant growth regulators on dry matter accumulation,quality and yield of cotton were studied by field experiments.The experiment was designed to sprayα-aminoisobutyric acid(AIB,concentration of 100 mg/L,150 mg/L,200 mg/L)and silver nitrate(AgNO3,concentration of 2 mg/L,3 mg/L,4 mg/L)on the leaves.【Results】The results showed that two ethylene inhibitors could promote the increase of leaf area index,relative chlorophyll content and number of branches;AIB treatment and AgNO3 treatment increased bud number and boll number.Ethylene inhibitors increased the dry matter accumulation,the transformation of assimilates to reproductive organs,the number of bolls and the weight of bolls by increasing leaf area index and relative chlorophyll content.【Conclusion】According to the analysis of cotton yield,spraying AIB and AgNO3 on the leaves can effectively improve the cotton yield.The effect of AIB spraying on the leaf surface on the leaf area index,dry matter accumulation and yield of cotton was better.The results can provide theoretical basis for cotton high-yield cultivation in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：乙烯抑制剂 干物质积累 棉花产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]