沉积盆地深层热演化历史与油气关系研究现状及存在问题  

Research Status and Existing Problems of Relationship Between Deep Thermal Evolution History and Oil and Gas in Sedimentary Basins

作　　者：任战利[1,2] 祁凯[2] 杨桂林 崔军平[1,2] 杨鹏[2] 王琨 Ren Zhanli;Qi Kai;Yang Guilin;Cui Junping;Yang Peng;Wang Kun(State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China;Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室,陕西西安710069 [2]西北大学地质学系,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《非常规油气》2020年第3期1-7,15,共8页Unconventional Oil & Gas

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题“超深层及中新元古界油气成藏富集规律与勘探方向”(2017YFC0603106);国家自然科学基金重点项目“鄂尔多斯、沁水沉积盆地中生代晚期古地温场对岩石圈动力学演化及油气赋存的约束作用”(41630312);“十三五”国家重大专项“鄂尔多斯西南部中上元古界—下古生界构造演化与保存条件”(2017ZX05005-002-008)联合资助。

摘　　要：沉积盆地的温度及热演化历史对深层油气相态、生成及成藏历史有重要控制作用,我国不同盆地的地温场差异大,热演化历史复杂,导致不同类型盆地的深层油气相态、生成及成藏温度差异大。本文在调研国内外盆地深层温度及热演化历史演化史与油气关系的基础上,分析了温度、加热时间及压力等因素对油气形成温度及相态影响的研究现状,认为温度是油气形成及油气相态分布最重要的控制因素,加热时间对油气生成温度、相态差异有重要影响。准确恢复沉积盆地深层热演化史是油气相态、生成及成藏历史研究的关键问题之一。本文探讨了复杂叠合盆地深层热演化史恢复的理论及方法,提出了深层温度及热演化史与油气关系研究应重视的问题。The temperature and thermal history of sedimentary basins have an important control effect on the oil-gas phase state,formation and accumulation history of deep layers.The geothermal field in different basins in China is very different,and the thermal history is complicated,which leads to the oil-gas phase state,generation and accumulation temperature of deep layers in different types of basins.Based on the investigation of the relationship between deep temperature and thermal evolution history of basins at home and abroad and the relationship between oil and gas,this paper analyzed the research status of the influence of temperature,heating time and pressure on oil and gas formation temperature and phase state.It is considered that temperature is the most important controlling factor for oil and gas formation and phase distribution,the heating time has an important influence on the oil and gas generation temperature and phase state difference.Accurately restoring the thermal history of deep layers in sedimentary basins is one of the key issues in the study of oil and gas phase state,generation and accumulation history.This paper discussed the theory and research methods of deep layers thermal history recovery in complex superimposed basins,and put forward the problems that should be paid attention to in the study of the relationship between deep temperature and thermal history and oil and gas.

关 键 词：超深层 温度 地温梯度 加热时间 异常压力 烃类相态 成藏期次 热演化史 叠合盆地 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]