试论地学信息图谱思想的内涵与传承  

The Connotation and Inheritance of Geo-information Tupu

作　　者：张洪岩 周成虎[2,3] 闾国年 吴志峰[5] 陆锋[2,3] 王劲峰[2,3] 岳天祥 骆剑承[3,6] 葛咏 秦承志[2,3] ZHANG Hongyan;ZHOU Chenghu;LV Guonian;WU Zhifeng;LU Feng;WANG Jinfeng;YUE Tianxiang;LUO Jiancheng;GE Yong;QIN Chengzhi(School of Geographical Sciences,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment,Ministry of Education,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学地理科学学院,长春130024 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室(南京师范大学),南京210023 [5]广州大学地理科学学院,广州510006 [6]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2020年第4期653-661,共9页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871330);吉林省科技发展计划资助项目(20180623058TC)。

摘　　要：地学信息图谱是陈述彭先生倡导的重要理论探索领域。本文根据先生的相关文献和论述,探讨了地学信息图谱思想的内涵,认为图谱是许多领域都采用的表达和分析的方法论,地学图谱是针对地学领域地学现象和过程的图谱,地学信息图谱则强调在地理信息系统支持下,通过定量地学信息(地学数据库)和地理计算实现的地学图谱,以期通过运用地学图形语言进行地理时空表达与分析,用于描述人与自然和谐相处的规律,反演它的过去,评估它的现状乃至预测它的未来。地学信息图谱思想的提出与陈述彭先生的职业生涯密切相关。他青年时期的坚实地理学基础,中年时期将综合地理和地图设计紧密结合的实践,晚年时期对遥感与地理信息系统的引领,促使他集一生在地理科学研究中的丰富理论、方法、技术成果积淀,开辟了这一探索性的地学研究新领域。地学信息图谱是陈述彭先生留给后来者的科学问题。为此,作者根据新近相关领域的研究进展,提出了未来可能的研究方向:全息地图的发展是地学信息图谱表达的重要基础,并有助于进一步发现新的地学现象和新的地学规律。遥感对地表信息的“谱”探知要以地理学“图”分析思想为支撑,它将最终回归于对复杂地表分布与内在发生机理等地理学核心问题的回答。地学信息图谱的认知以人地关系为中心,以实现从客观地理空间到虚拟空间的人地关系新认知构建一套认知理论。地学信息图谱的目标是辅助发现与利用新的地学知识,为实现自动化、智能化的地理知识图谱奠定理论与方法基础。Geo-information Tupu is an important theoretical exploration field advocated by academician Chen Shupeng in the late of 1990s.Tupu is a Chinese word in Pinyin.It could be understood as map series,graphspectrum,including the meaning of map,chart,graph,spectrum,plan etc.,but we could not find a proper term for it in terminology yet.According to Chen's related literature,this paper discusses the connotation of his thought of geo-information Tupu,and holds that Tupu is the methodology of expression and analysis adopted in many fields,while geo-science tupu is a map series of geo-phenomena and processes in the field of geo-science.Geo-information tupu emphasizes quantitative geo-information(geo-database)and geo-computation,supported by geographic information system,it is expected to use geo-graphic language to visualize and analyze geographical phenomena in space and time,and to simulate the law of relationships between man and environment,reconstructing its past,evaluating its present situation and even predicting its future.The idea of geo-information Tupu is closely related to academician Chen's scientific career.Under the guidance of many famous Chinese profesosors,he laid a solid geographical foundation in his youth.In the early stage of career,he participated in a large number of practice of integrated geography and map design.These experiences promoted him to combine the comprehensive thinking of geography with the graphic representation.The development of remote sensing and GIS expanded his vision on geo-technology.In his later years,he put his passion and led China's development in these fields.Geo-information Tupu was developed,which was a collection of rich theories,methods and technical achievements accumulated in the study of geographical science all his life.Geoinformation Tupu is a scientific problem that academician Chen Shupeng left to the later generations.Therefore,the authors puts forward some further reserch directions according to the newest related study progress in order to inherit Chen's scien

关 键 词：地学 地学信息图谱 综合地理 地图表达 全息地图 遥感 人地关系 地学知识 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]