全息高精度导航地图:概念及理论模型  

Pan-information-based High Precision Navigation Map:Concept and Theoretical Model

作　　者：余卓渊[1,2] 闾国年 张夕宁[1,2] 贾远信 周成虎 葛咏[1,2] 吕可晶 YU Zhuoyuan;LV Guonian;ZHANG Xining;JIA Yuanxin;ZHOU Chenghu;GE Yong;LV Kejing(State Key Lab of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment,Ministry of Education,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Evolution,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,南京210023 [4]江苏省地理环境演化国家重点实验室培育建设点,南京210023 [5]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2020年第4期760-771,共12页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题“全息地图数据获取与融合”(2017YFB0503501);国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(41421001)。

摘　　要：本文提出了全息高精度导航地图的概念,它融合了多源数据,尤其是电磁传感器、声音传感器、热红外仪等传感器数据,从更多角度为导航提供信息。在此概念基础上,提出了一种融合多源数据的全息高精度导航地图理论模型框架,该框架包含4个步骤:①全息道路数据采集,包含道路三维彩色激光点云、遥感影像、无人机航拍倾斜测量数据、摄像头图像、热红外图像、声场信号、电磁场信号;②道路静态信息提取,从上述采集信息提取和标记得到,如车道线、路坎、栏杆、路牌、路灯、隧道等,作为无人驾驶车辆规划基础路线和车辆位置定位的数据基础;③道路动态信息提取,从上述采集信息提取和标记得到,如离前后车辆的距离、前方有无行人、道路施工护栏、泛在信息等,作为检测无人驾驶车辆周围的实时道路环境和规划无人驾驶车辆行驶路线的依据;④动、静态信息融合:融合道路静态信息和道路动态信息,丰富道路信息,提高道路线精度,提高全息高精度导航地图更新的效率,为导航和无人驾驶车辆提供地图服务。Map is intelligent product of human civilization.The rapid development of science and technology increased the diversity and readability of map.Based on the existing concepts and forms of map,this paper developed a concept of pan-information-based high precision navigation map.This new map concept was a kind of intelligent navigation map which was oriented to vehicle mobile operation and integrated more functions,such as environment perception,pan-features fusion,high-precision positioning and planning decision-making.It can collect and fuse different information based on unified data model for different application fields,and it was a brand-new map form.Key innovation of this map was capturing and fusing pan-information of road from multi-source sensors,especially electromagnetic sensors,sound sensors,thermal infrared instruments and the others,in order to provide information for navigation from more aspects.Based on this concept,a theoretical model framework of pan-information-based high precision navigation map with multi-source data fusion was proposed.This framework consisted of four parts:(1)Pan-information road data collection.Data acquisition vehicles and other external sensors were used to collect multi-source data such as LiDAR system point cloud data,remote sensing images,oblique photogrammetric data,high-definition camera images,thermal infrared images,sound signal and electromagnetic signal.(2)Road static information extraction.Static information was basis for route planning and vehicle locating,which was obtained through the multi-source data mentioned above.The main road static information included lane lines,curbs,railings,road signs,road lamps,tunnels.(3)Road dynamic information extraction.Dynamic information was basis for real-time detecting surroundings and adjusting route of auto-vehicle,which was also obtained by extracting and marking the above collected data.The main road dynamic information included the distances between the vehicle and near objects,such as other cars,pedestrians and const

关 键 词：导航地图 全息地图 高精度导航地图 多源数据采集 声光电磁数据 道路静态信息 道路动态信息 信息融合 

分 类 号：U463.67[机械工程—车辆工程] P208[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]