抗阻力训练对不同女性群体身体成影响的Meta分析  

Pure Resistance Training on Body Composition of Different Females:a Meta-Analysis

作　　者：曾洁 彭莉[1] ZENG Jie;PENG Li(College of Physical Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学体育学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《湖北体育科技》2020年第5期426-433,461,共9页Hubei Sports Science

摘　　要：目的本研究通过分析单纯的抗阻力训练(RT)对不同女性群体的脂肪量(FM)、体脂率(BF%)、去脂体重(FFM)和肌肉量(MM)的影响差异。方法搜索了PubMed和Web of Science数据库,最终筛选出23篇文献进行风险评估和统计学处理。结果RT对所有群体女性MM的影响均不具有统计学意义。RT可以显著降低绝经前女性的BF%(p=0.03),但对其余3个身体成分指标无明显影响;对绝经后女性来说,RT对降低其FM、BF%和增加其FFM均有明显的效果(FM:p<0.01;BF%:p=0.03;FFM:p<0.01)。RT可以非常显著地减低超重肥胖女性的FM、BF%和增加其FFM(FM:p<0.01;BF%:p<0.01;FFM:p<0.01);但RT对非超重或肥胖女性以上4个身体成分指标的影响均不具有统计学意义。RT对久坐不动女性的FM、BF%和FFM有非常明显的影响(FM:p<0.01;BF%:p<0.01;FFM:p<0.01);RT可以非常显著地增加非久坐不动女性的FFM外(p<0.01),但对其余3个身体成分指标均无明显影响。结论RT不能作为女性以增长MM为主要目的的训练方式,也不可作为非超重或肥胖及非久坐不动女性以减脂为主要目的的单一训练方式,但可以推荐给绝经后、超重肥胖或久坐不动的女性作为改善身体成分的训练手段。Objective This study analyzed the effects of pure resistance training(RT)on fat mass(FM),body fat percentage(BF%),fat-free body weight(FFM)and muscle mass(MM)in different female populations.In order to find out whether the pure RT has different effects on the body composition of different female populations.Methods The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched,and a total of 23 studies were eventually screened for risk assessment and statistical treatment.Results The effect of RT on female MM in all groups is not statistically significant.RT can significantly reduce the BF%of premenopausal women(p=0.03),when it has no significant effect on the other three body composition indicators.For postmenopausal women,RT has a significant effect on reducing FM,BF%and increasing its FFM(FM:p<0.01;BF%:p=0.03;FFM:p<0.01).RT can significantly reduce FM,BF%and increase FFM in overweight and obese women(FM:p<0.01;BF%:p<0.01;FFM:p<0.01).However,the effect of RT on the four body composition indicators of non-overweight or obese women is not statistically significant.RT has a significant effect on FM,BF%and FFM in sedentary women(FM:p<0.01;BF%:p<0.01;FFM:p<0.01).But for females who are non-sedentary,RT can significantly increase its FFM(p<0.01),but has no significant effect on the other three body composition indicators.Conclusion RT can not be used as a training method for females to increase MM as the main purpose,nor as a pure training method for females who are not overweight or obese and not sedentary.However,it can be recommended for postmenopausal,overweight or sedentary females as a means of improving body composition,including reducing their FM and increasing FFM.

关 键 词：抗阻力训练 女性 身体成分 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]