碳羟基磷灰石纳米材料的研究进展  

Recent Progress in the Field of Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Nanomaterials

作　　者：袁竞优 贾庆明[1] 陕绍云[1] YUAN Jingyou;JIA Qingming;SHAN Shaoyun(Faculty of Chemical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学化学工程学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第13期13084-13090,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21766016,21566014,51364023);云南省后备人才项目(2015HB014)。

摘　　要：在羟基磷灰石(HA)被发现后的半个世纪中,研究人员发掘了其在许多领域应用的可能性,如生物组织材料、药物载体、污水处理甚至催化领域等。然而,HA仍存在许多不足之处,尤其在作为生物组织材料的应用中。虽然HA被认为是良好的骨替代物,但它在结构、组成、结晶度、溶解度和生物反应活性方面与生物磷灰石略有不同。大多数生物磷灰石的结晶度较差、非化学计量比并含有少量杂质离子,主要是CO3^2-和微量的Na^+、Mg^2+、Fe^3+、Cl^-、F^-。其中,CO 32-在骨代谢中的作用至关重要,它占钙化组织质量的3%~8%,并且可根据年龄因素而变化。此外,HA是磷酸钙中溶解性最差且最稳定的物质,这是十分不利的,因为它可能会降低作为植入物时的骨再生速率。因此,CO 32-取代的HA可能在骨相关治疗及其他领域中应用潜力巨大。CO3^2-取代HA晶格中部分离子形成的碳羟基磷灰石(CHA)是羟基磷灰石(HA)的一种类质同象替换材料。CO3^2-的引入导致HA完美的晶格结构遭到破坏,从而使CHA具备HA所不具备的溶解性和更好的生物再吸收性;同时,CHA在合成或烧结过程中采用不同的方法,会产生不同形貌和结构的产物,这些产物通常具有比HA更优良的生物相容性与骨传导性、力学性能及更大的比表面积等特性。目前,研究人员已合成了具有中空及多孔结构的CHA,其代表性的形貌为花簇状或蒲公英状,此形貌特征具有极大的比表面积和内部空间,使得其吸附量与载药量增大,同时多孔结构有利于药物的缓释和人骨细胞与CHA的骨融合。本文介绍了CHA的合成和特点,综述了目前研究中CHA的合成方法、应用领域,并对CHA存在的问题和发展前景进行了讨论,希望为将来合成性能更优良的HA改性材料提供参考。Since the discovery of hydroxyapatite(HA),researchers all over the world started to explore its potential applications in many fields,especially in biological tissue materials,drug carriers,sewage treatments,and even in catalytic fields,but HA still has many shortcomings,especially in applications as biological tissue materials.Although HA is considered to be a good bone substitute,it is slightly different from bioapatite in terms of structure,crystallinity,solubility,composition,and bioavailability.In fact,most of the bioapatite contains a small amount of impurity ions and is weakly crystallized and non-stoichiometric.The main impurity ions are CO 32-and trace amounts of Na^+,Mg^2+,Fe^3+,Cl-and F^-.Among them,the role of CO 32-in bone metabolism is crucial,which accounts for about 3%-8%of the weight of calcified tissue,and can vary according to age factors.Furthermore,HA is the least soluble and most stable substance in calcium phosphate,which is highly disadvantageous as it could reduce the rate of bone regeneration during implantation.Therefore,the CO 32-substituted HA may have great potential applications in the fields of bone-related therapies.Carbonated hydroxyapatite(CHA)is formed by the partial substitution of CO 3^2-ions in HA lattice.It is a special kind of isomorphism material to HA,and has many properties superior to HA.Firstly,because of the presence of CO 3^2-ion,the lattice structure of HA could be destroyed in a considerable extent,resulting in the development of special feature of solubility which is not exhibited by HA and it exhibits better bioresorbability.Secondly,the CHA can be produced by different methods of synthesis and annealed at various sintering temperatures,resulting in its formation with different morphologies and surface structures.These products have better biocompatibility,osteoconductivity,larger specific surface area and good mechanical properties.Presently,researchers have synthesized CHA with hollow and porous structure,with characteristic morphology of flower like cluster u

关 键 词：碳羟基磷灰石 纳米材料 生物活性材料 多孔材料 

分 类 号：TQ170[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]