某市主城自来水中多环芳烃和邻苯二甲酸酯的健康风险评价  

Health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalates in finished water from waterworks in a metropolis

作　　者：曾惠[1] 罗教华[1] 张卫东[2] 罗财红 舒为群[1] 邱志群[1] ZENG Hui;LUO Jiaohua;ZHANG Weidong;LUO Caihong;SHU Weiqun;QIU Zhiqun(Department of Environmental Hygiene,Faculty of Military Preventive Medicine,Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,400038;Chongqing Institute of Ecological Environment Science,Chongqing,400020;Chongqing Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Chongqing,400020,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)军事预防医学系军队环境卫生学教研室,重庆400038 [2]重庆市环境科学研究院,重庆400020 [3]重庆市生态环境监测中心,重庆400020

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2020年第11期1116-1123,共8页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金(CSTC2012jjA20007);国家自然科学基金面上项目(81273029)。

摘　　要：目的评估某市主城自来水厂出厂水中持久性有机污染物的人群健康风险。方法采集以嘉陵江水、两江汇合前和两江汇合后长江水为水源的3家自来水厂出厂水300 L,浓缩后检测16种优控多环芳烃和17种邻苯二甲酸酯含量,并根据国际辐射防护委员会(International Commission on Radiological Protection,ICRP)推荐的水环境健康风险评价模型计算致癌风险和非致癌风险。结果共检出7种多环芳烃(总量0.605~0.947μg/L)和9种邻苯二甲酸酯类物质,其中苯并(a)芘(BaP)为0.011~0.014μg/L,邻苯二甲酸二乙基己基酯(DEHP)为3.047~3.608μg/L。总的健康风险男性介于1.82×10^-5~2.13×10^-5a^-1,女性介于2.42×10^-5~2.83×10^-5a^-1。结论 3家水厂的出厂水都有持久性有机污染物检出,多环芳烃总量符合国家城市供水水质标准(CJ/T206-2005),BaP含量比国家生活饮用水卫生标准0.01μg/L(GB5749-2006)略高;DEHP符合国家生活饮用水卫生标准(GB5749-2006)。人群总健康风险(包括致癌和非致癌健康风险)均低于ICRP可接受水平5.0×10^-5a^-1。Objectives To evaluate the potential hazards of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and phthalates(PAEs) in the finished water from waterworks in a big city. Methods A total of 300 L finished water were collected from 3 waterworks with water intakes at Jialing river and Yangtze river before and after the confluence of 2 rivers, respectively. After enrichment, 16 kinds of optimal control PAHs and 17 kinds of PAEs were detected. Carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk were calculated according to the test results by using the water environmental health risk assessment model recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection(ICRP). Results There were 7 PAHs and 9 PAEs detected. The total amount of PAHs was 0.605~0.947 μg/L, and benzoa(a) pyrene(BaP) ranged from 0.011 to 0.014 μg/L, and diethylhexyl phthalate(DEHP) from 3.047 to 3.608 μg/L. The total health risk was 1.82×10^-5~2.13×10^-5a^-1 for men and 2.42×10^-5~2.83×10^-5a^-1 for women. Conclusion Persistent organic pollutants(POPs) are detected in the finished water of 3 water plants in the main urban area of a metropolis. The contents of PAHs are lower than the limiting levels of the Water Quality Standards for Urban Water Supply(CJ/T206-2005);but that of BaP is slightly larger than 0.01 μg/L, the limiting value of the Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB5749-2006). The level of DEHP is lower than the limiting value of the above standard. The health risks caused by it are still under the acceptable level of ICRP(5.0×10^-5a^-1).

关 键 词：出厂水 多环芳烃 邻苯二甲酸酯 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]