基于影锥特征角的近圆轨道卫星进出地影时间的快速判定法  

Fast Algorithm of Earth Shadow Entry and Exit Time for Near Circular Orbit Satellites Based on Conical Characteristic Angle

作　　者：谢文杰[1] 邵圣祥 王霞[1] 宋易敏 XIE Wenjie;SHAO Shengxiang;WANG Xia;SONG Yimin(Unit 63611 of the PLA,Korla 841001,China;Unit 63610 of the PLA,Korla 841001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军63611部队,库尔勒841001 [2]中国人民解放军63610部队,库尔勒841001

出　　处：《载人航天》2020年第3期278-283,共6页Manned Spaceflight

摘　　要：为准确、快速地对航天工程中卫星进出地影时间进行预报,提出一种新的锥形地影判定条件和快速计算方法。以锥形影锥半锥角为特征角,影锥顶点到卫星和地心矢量的夹角为判定角,比较2个角的大小以确定卫星的地影状态。发现太阳地心矢量与卫星地心矢量的夹角不大于90°时,卫星位置不可能处于地影区的几何约束关系,能够预先确定卫星在近圆轨道上周期运动时地影预报时间窗口,仅对窗口内的轨道数据进行地影计算。仿真结果表明:基于影锥特征角的快速算法地影条件有效,判定计算量减少,预报精度略优于天体视半径判定法和影锥基本面投影半径判定法,计算效率比其他2个算法分别提高25.305%和52.172%。To accurately and quickly calculate the eclipse time of satellites in space,a new criterion and a fast algorithm were proposed based on the conical shadow model.The half cone angle of the conical shadow was defined as the characteristic angle.The vector angle between the satellite and the geocenter referenced to the vertex of the cone was defined as the judging angle.The eclipse status was determined by comparing the two angles.It was found that the satellite would not be in the shadow when the geocentric vector angle between the Sun and the satellite was not more than 90°.This geometric constraint relationship could be used to predetermine the time window for predicting the eclipse of the satellites periodically running in near circular orbits and calculation was only needed for the orbit data within the time window.Numerical simulation showed that the shadow criterion for the fast algorithm based on conical characteristic angle was effective and the amount of the judgment calculation reduced in fast algorithm.Comparing with the Celestial Body Apparent Radius Algorithm and the Conical Shadow Base Plane Projection Radius Algorithm,the prediction accuracy of the fast algorithm was slightly better and the calculation efficiency increased by 25.305%and 52.172%respectively.

关 键 词：近圆轨道 卫星 地影模型 本影 半影 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]