浅埋煤层高强度开采覆岩切落式塌陷灾害演化规律及影响因素分析  

Evolution law and influencing factors of overburden cutting subsidence disasters in high-intensity shallow seam mining

作　　者：赵仕元 ZHAO Shi-yuan(Shanxi Fenxi Mining Group Liangdu Coal Industry Co.Ltd.,Jinzhong 031200,China)

机构地区：[1]山西汾西矿业集团两渡煤业有限责任公司,山西晋中031200

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2020年第5期126-132,共7页Coal Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51304118)。

摘　　要：为了对西北浅埋煤层高强度开采覆岩切落式塌陷灾害演化规律及影响因素进行研究,以哈拉沟煤矿22407工作面为工程背景,采用相似模拟和理论研究的方法分析了浅埋煤层高强度开采覆岩切落式塌陷灾害演变规律,结果表明:高强度开采覆岩切落式塌陷灾害始于直接顶悬臂梁切落,覆岩产生的纵向裂隙,随着工作面推进,断裂带内的砌体梁结构失稳,引起关键层及其承载层切落,导致塌陷灾害发生。基于上述研究,建立了由支架-矸石-悬臂梁结构-砌体梁结构组成的力学模型,运用突变理论分析了覆岩结构、岩性、载荷及支架刚度、来压步距等因素对切落塌陷产生影响机制,为浅埋煤层高强度开采工作面生产安全及生态保护提供了科学依据。To study the evolution law and influencing factors of overburden cutting subsidence disasters in high-intensity shallow seam mining in Northwest China,the 22407 working face in Halagou Coal Mine is taken as an example,and similar simulation is employed. The results show that the overburden cutting subsidence disaster after the cutting of immediate roof cantilever beam,and vertical cracks develops in the overburden. As the working face advances further,the voussoir beam structure in the fractured zone becomes unstable,and the key stratum and bearing layer experience cutting,which leads to a subsidence disaster. Based on this study,a system mechanics model composed by the timber-gangue-cantilever beam-voussoir beam is established. The influence mechanism of disaster is analyzed from the overburden structure,lithology,loads and timber stiffness,weighting interval. A detailed preventive mechanism is proposed,which provides scientific support for the production safety and ecological environmental protection of high-intensity shallow seam mining.

关 键 词：浅埋煤层 高强度开采 覆岩切落 塌陷灾害 灾害防控 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]