不同地点黑杨派无性系生长性状变异及其与叶片性状相关分析  

Genetic variation in growth traits at different sites and correlationship among growth traits and leaf traits of Section Aigeiros clones

作　　者：张晓艳 季新月 王雷 张绮纹[1] NERVO Giuseppe 李金花[1] ZHANG Xiaoyan;JI Xinyue;WANG Lei;ZHANG Qiwen;NERVO Giuseppe;LI Jinhua(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Key Laboralory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Ningyang County State-owned Gaoqiao Forest Farm of Shandong Province,Ningyang 271400,China;Centro di Ricerea Foreste Legno,CREA Casale Monferrato 15033,ltaly)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091 [2]山东省宁阳县国有高桥林场,山东宁阳271400 [3]Centro di Ricerca Foreste Legno,CREA Casale Monferrato 15033 Italy

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期65-73,共9页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0601203)。

摘　　要：【目的】对北京昌平和河北廊坊13个黑杨派无性系引种试验林5~6年生苗木生长性状开展遗传变异分析,并对河北廊坊试验林生长性状与3年生苗木上、中、下3个冠层水平上叶片解剖性状和气孔性状进行相关性分析和多性状综合评价,以用于无性系生长性状间接选择,从而提高选择效率和缩短育种周期。【方法】选用2根1干、规格一致的黑杨派无性系苗木在北京昌平和河北廊坊营建无性系对比试验林,株行距分别为3 m×4 m和3 m×5m,完全随机区组试验设计,3次重复。对两个地点5~6年试验林测定生树高和胸径,并进行多因素方差分析。在河北廊坊试验林3年生各无性系每一区组选2株平均木,依照树冠自然分枝轮序,由上至下依次分上、中、下层,在各冠层南面方向上各取1个代表性一级分枝,由顶端向下选取第6~10个叶片中1个完整、成熟叶片,测定叶片解剖性状(栅栏组织、海绵组织、总厚度)和气孔性状(气孔密度与长度),对生长性状与不同冠层叶片性状进行相关性和主成分分析。【结果】两个地点无性系生长性状遗传参数比较结果表明:北京昌平性状变异系数(15%~47%)大于河北廊坊(13%~30%),广义遗传力和重复力均小于河北廊坊,除了北京昌平树高广义遗传力(0.03)和重复力(0.24)均最小,两地点其他生长性状广义遗传力和重复力均大于0.32和0.82。方差分析结果表明,不同无性系间生长性状差异均为极显著,不同地点间生长性状差异为显著或极显著,且除6年生苗的材积外,其他性状的地点与无性系间交互效应显著或极显著,相同无性系在两个地点间性状差异显著,其中,Br杨、Ti杨、La杨、Por杨和108杨5~6年生苗木胸径和材积在两地间的差异显著。相关分析结果表明,5~6年生苗木胸径和材积与不同冠层叶片上表面气孔密度之间呈显著负相关,与叶片解剖性状和其他气孔性状间相关性不�【Objective】Thirteen clones of Populus Section Aigeiros(poplars)mainly introduced from Italy were studied after growing seasons of the 5-and 6-year at the field test plantations in Changping,Beijing City,and Langfang,Hebei Province.Genetic variation analysis on the growth traits of clonal plantations at two sites was carried out.Growth traits,anatomical traits,and stomatal traits of leaves from three different crown positions of the sample trees in Langfang were investigated for correlation analysis and a comprehensive evaluation of multiple traits was carried out to improve selection efficiency and breeding.【Method】Uniformly rooted young trees with 1-year-old stems and 2-year-old roots were established using the completely randomized block design of three blocks at Changping and Langfang in the springs of2005 and 2008,respectively.For the field trials of Changping and Langfang,10 to 20 and 25 individuals per clone were planted in each block at spacings of 3 m×4 m and 3 m×5 m.The diameter at breast height(DBH)and height were measured for each tree after growing seasons of the 5 th and 6 th year at two sites and the stem volume was calculated with the formula from the tree volume table.Growth traits were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance.Two average sample trees were selected from each block per clone in the third growing season of plantation at Langfang.According to the topdown order of natural branching,the canopy was divided into 3 layers,i.e.upper,middle and lower canopy.A representative branch was selected from the first-order branches on the south side at each canopy position of each average tree.One mature leaf was sampled from the sixth to tenth branches at three different canopies of each sample tree of Langfang.Leaf anatomy(thickness of palisade and spongy parenchyma layers in total leaf)and its stomatal traits(density and length)were measured in the laboratory after collecting the leaves in the field trial.Correlation analysis and principal components analysis(PCA)were performed wit

关 键 词：黑杨派 生长性状 叶片解剖性状 叶片气孔性状 遗传变异 相关性分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S722.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种]