岩石冲击破坏室内试验方法研究现状及展望  

Research Status and Development of Laboratory Test Methods for Rock Bust Failure

作　　者：姚金鹏 尹延春[1,2] 汤兴学 邢明录 YAO Jinpeng;YIN Yanchun;TANG Xingxue;XING Minglu(State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Pevention and Conrol Co-founded by Shandong Prorince and the Ministry of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;School of Aerospace Engineering,Bejing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,山东青岛266590 [2]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2020年第5期192-196,共5页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划重大科技创新工程资助项目(2019SDZY02);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2019M660024);山东科技大学研究生科技创新资助项目(SDKDYC190118)。

摘　　要：针对冲击地压发生机理与前兆信息试验研究问题,从应变型冲击试验、动载型冲击试验、岩石变形信息监测技术3个方面归纳模拟研究冲击地压的主要试验方法。综述应变型冲击试验的主要原理与方法,如模拟巷道开挖的真三轴卸荷试验、考虑围岩能量补给的柔性加载试验及围岩结构特征的煤岩组合体试验;总结动载型冲击试验的主流试验方法,如多波形扰动破坏试验、多维静载-霍普金森冲击试验等;阐述岩石变形破坏过程中声发射、表面应变场与温度场、内部裂隙场与应力场的监测技术手段。指出围岩结构体冲击模拟试验方法、岩石破坏后多信息监测技术等方面的发展方向,期望对岩石冲击破坏室内试验方法改进与创新提供指导。Aiming at the experimental research on the mechanism and the precursory information of rock bust,this paper summarized the main test methods for simulating the rock bust from three aspects:strain-type impact test,dynamic load-type impact test,and rock deformation information monitoring technology.The main principles and methods of strain-type impact failure test are summarized,such as the true triaxial unloading test simulating roadway excavation,the flexible loading test considering the energy supply of surrounding rock and the coal-rock combination test considering the structural characteristics of surrounding rock.The paper summarized the main test methods of dynamic load impact test,such as multi-wave disturbance failure test,multi-dimensional static load-hopkinson impact test,etc.The paper described the monitoring techniques of acoustic emission,surface strain field and temperature field,internal crack field and stress field during rock deformation and failure.This paper points out the development direction of rock impact simulation test method and multi-information monitoring technology after rock failure,hoping to provide guidance for the improvement and innovation of rock impact failure laboratory test method.

关 键 词：冲击地压 应变型冲击 动载诱发型冲击 前兆信息 试验方法 

分 类 号：TD315[矿业工程—矿井建设]