支气管哮喘合并变应性鼻炎与单纯支气管哮喘临床特征差异分析  

Clinical features analysis of bronchial asthma with allergic rhinitis and simple bronchial asthma

作　　者：王燕 侯松萍[2] 甄丽华 王亚娟 佘妙华 马欣 谭平[2] Wang Yan;Hou Song-ping;Zhen Li-hua;Wang Ya-juan;She Miao-hua;Ma Xin;Tan Ping(The Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City,Baoding 072350,Hebei,China;Jilin University China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]保定市第四中心医院,河北保定072350 [2]吉林大学中日联谊医院,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（医学版）》2020年第3期50-53,共4页Journal of Lanzhou University（Medical Sciences）

基　　金：河北省卫生健康委员会医学科学研究课题(20171083)。

摘　　要：目的比较分析哮喘合并变应性鼻炎(AR)与单纯支气管哮喘临床特征,为从呼吸系统整体角度诊治呼吸道变应性疾病提供理论依据。方法随机选择2017年1月-2018年1月河北省保定市第四中心医院住院患者100例,分为哮喘合并AR组(哮喘+AR组)49例和单纯哮喘组51例。比较2组患者家族史、过敏史、好发季节、首发年龄、病程、近1 a住院次数、应用哮喘控制测试(ACT)评分评估患者病情控制情况;评估患者肺通气功能和免疫球蛋白E。结果哮喘+AR组家族史、过敏史、病程、住院天数和近1 a住院次数均高于单纯哮喘组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。哮喘+AR组患者首发年龄、轻度持续发生率低于单纯哮喘组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。哮喘+AR组患者ACT评分、FEV1/FVC和FEV1%Pred结果低于单纯哮喘组,哮喘+AR组患者免疫球蛋白E结果高于单纯哮喘组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论哮喘+AR组患者与单纯哮喘组比较,家族史、过敏史、病程、严重程度、发作次数、住院时间、肺功能下降程度、免疫球蛋白E等均显著上升,且始发年龄较早,临床较单纯哮喘控制差。临床上需要正确认识二者的关系,重视对AR的治疗,促进患者康复。Objective To compare the clinical features of bronchial asthma combined with allergic rhinitis(AR) and simple bronchial asthma and to provide a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of respiratory allergic diseases from the perspective of the respiratory system. Methods 100 patients with asthma from January 2017 to January 2018 were randomly selected and divided into a bronchial asthma combined AR group(asthma+AR group) of 49 cases and a bronchial asthma group(asthma group) of 51 cases. And family history, allergy history, incidence of predilection, age of disease onset, course of disease and number of hospitalizations were compared between the two groups. ACT was used to evaluate the patients’ condition control and assessment of pulmonary ventilation and blood IgE level. Results The family history, allergy history,course of disease, hospital stay time and number of hospitalizations of the asthma+AR group were higher than those of the asthma group and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The initial and mild sustained rates of the asthma+AR group were lower than those of the asthma group, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The scores of ACT, FEV1/FVC% and FEV1% Pred of asthma+AR group were lower than those of asthma group;the blood IgE level of asthma+AR group was higher than that of asthma group, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared to simple bronchial asthma, there were significant increases in family history, history of allergy, course of disease,severity, number of seizures, degree of hospital stay, degree of decline in lung function, blood IgE of patients with asthma complicated with AR. The age for disease onset was earlier and of poor control. In clinical work it is necessary to correctly understand the relationship between the two diseases and be attentive to the treatment of AR, in order to promote a patient’s recovery.

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 变应性鼻炎 临床特征 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科] R562.25[医药卫生—临床医学]