一次施钾对夏玉米产量·钾素积累及钾肥利用率的影响  

Effects of One-time Application of Potassium Fertilization on Potassium Accumulation and Utilization Rate of Potassium and Yield of Summer Maize

作　　者：王清和 WANG Qing-he(Lai’an County Seed Management Station,Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Lai’an,Anhui 239200)

机构地区：[1]安徽省来安县农业农村局种子管理站,安徽来安239200

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第12期149-151,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]研究一次性施用钾肥用量对夏玉米产量和钾肥利用率的影响,为明确钾肥适宜用量和玉米高产稳产提供参考。[方法]以夏玉米品种隆平206为试验材料,在一次施用条件下,设置不同钾肥用量(0、45、135、270、540 kg/hm^2),研究钾肥用量对玉米产量、钾素吸收和利用的影响。[结果]玉米产量呈随着施钾量增加先增加后减少的趋势,各处理玉米产量呈K 270≈K 135≥K 45≈K 540≥K 0的规律,其中,K 270和K 135处理的产量最高,比对照分别增产20%和18%。兼顾玉米产量、肥料养分利用和损失,认为钾肥用量135 kg/hm^2是较为适宜的施钾量,该施钾量条件下,钾肥的表观利用率为64.8%。[结论]综合考虑玉米产量、籽粒钾含量和钾肥利用效率等因素,皖南地区隆平206一次性施用的适宜施钾量为135 kg/hm^2。[Objective]The effect of potassium fertilizer on summer maize yield and utilization rate of potassium fertilizer was studied,which provided reference for determining the appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer application and the high and stable yield of summer maize.[Method]Summer maize variety "Longping 206" was used as the material.Under the condition of one-time application of potassium fertilizer,different rate of potassium fertilizers(0,45,135,270,540 kg/hm2) were set to study the effect of potassium on its absorption and utilization,and the yield of summer maize.[Result] The yield was increased first and then decreased with the increase of potassium application rate.The yield of maize for each treatment was as followed:K270≈K135≥K45≈K540≥K0.Treatments K270 and K135 produced the highest yield,which was 20% and 18 % higher than the control,respectively.Taken into account of the fertilizer utilization and loss of maize yield,the appropriate rate of potassium fertilizer was 135 kg/hm2.Under this rate of potassium fertilizer application,the apparent recovery efficiency was 64.8%.[Conclusion]Comprehensive factors such as yield,potassium concentration of grain and potassium utilization efficiency,the optimum one-time application rate of potassium fertilizer was 135 kg/hm2 for summer maize in South Anhui Province.

关 键 词：夏玉米 一次施肥 施钾量 肥料利用率 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S143.3[农业科学—肥料学]