三重危机:生态批评视域下的《大瀑布》  

Triple Crisis:An Interpretation of The Falls from the Perspective of Ecological Criticism

作　　者：韩龙 HAN Long

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学外国语学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《湖南广播电视大学学报》2020年第3期18-24,共7页Journal of Hunan Radio and Television University

摘　　要：在小说《大瀑布》中,欧茨建构出大瀑布和尼亚加拉河、德克与妮娜、阿莉亚与子女三对核心意象,分别对应自然生态毁坏、社会生态混乱和精神生态疏离。在贪婪和物欲的驱使下,人类大规模破坏自然生态,导致生态失衡;经济发展使利己主义和个人主义盛行,金钱疏离了人与人之间的关系;人们缺乏安全感并充满危机感,加剧了其心理世界的崩塌。小说揭示了人类、社会和自然的多重危机,充分展现了欧茨对美国社会现实的批判。The Falls mainly illustrates the relation between society and nature.Oates creates three pairs of core images in the novel,including the Falls and Niagara River,Dirk and Nina,as well as Ariah and her children,which vaguely represents three kinds of social issues in the story such as devastated natural ecology,disorderly social ecology and estranged spiritual ecology.Based on the Niagara image,the novel reveals that the greed and material desire drive the individual to massively destroy the nature,in which human alienation is casted in the change of nature destruction,resulting in the ecological imbalance;in the text,the egoism and individualism prevails in the development of social economy.Money estranges the distance between one and the other,which leads to Dirk’s murder.In social ecology,represented by Ariah,full of crisis,people are insecure.It aggravates the collapse of their spiritual world,which causes the spiritual crisis.This thesis employs the theory of ecological criticism to interpret the multiple crises between human beings,society and nature,which reveals Oates’s realistic criticism on American society.It reflects that the respect for nature,the protection of the environment,and human self-discipline are the correct and bright way to build a beautiful and harmonious living world.

关 键 词：《大瀑布》 乔伊斯·卡罗尔·欧茨 自然生态 社会生态 精神生态 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]