中国陆地植被生态系统NPP空间格局变迁分析  

Spatial Pattern Change and Analysis of NPP in Terrestrial Vegetation Ecosystem in China

作　　者：孙金珂 牛海鹏[1] 袁鸣 SUN Jinke;NIU Haipeng;YUAN Ming(School of Surveying and Mapping and Land Information Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;Henan Institute of Surverying and Mapping Engineering,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院,焦作454000 [2]河南省测绘工程院,郑州450003

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第6期162-168,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：河南理工大学创新型科研团队项目(T2018-4);河南省科技攻关项目(182102110260)。

摘　　要：基于2000—2015年全国温度和降水量数据,利用Thornthwaite Memorial模型(TW)和周广胜-张新时(ZGS)模型计算了全国净初级生产力(NPP),结合土地利用数据,采用变化斜率法分析了农田生态系统、森林生态系统、草地生态系统净NPP年际变化、波动趋势以及空间变化特征。结果表明,基于上述两种方法模拟的全国NPP空间格局、变化趋势基本一致,整体相关性较高,R2达到0.7707,对各陆地植被生态系统相关性而言,由大到小依次为:森林生态系统、农田生态系统、草地生态系统;我国植被净初级生产力在空间分布上呈“南高北低”的状态,由东南向西北呈逐渐递减趋势;近16年,全国植被潜在生产力和实际生产力均呈缓慢下降趋势,如不采取任何措施,将继续保持缩减趋势。本研究为必须采取强制措施保护我国生态系统这一论断提供了科学依据。Based on temperature and precipitation data of the whole country from 2000 to 2015,the Thornthwaite Memorial model(TW)and Zhou-Zhang(ZGS)model were used to calculate the potential net primary productivity(NPP)and the actual net primary productivity,the data of land-use change slope method was combined to analyze the farmland ecosystem,forest ecosystem,grassland ecosystem net NPP,interannual fluctuation trend and spatial variation characteristics,and the correlation between the actual productivity and potential productivity was evaluated.The results showed that the spatial pattern and change trend of national NPP simulated by the above two methods were basically the same,and the overall correlation was very high,the determination coefficient R2 can reach 0.7707.For the correlation of all land vegetation ecosystems,from most significant to least significant was as follows:forest ecosystem,farmland ecosystem,grassland ecosystem;the spatial distribution of the net primary productivity of vegetation in China presented the spatial difference of“high in the south and low in the north”,which showed a gradual decline trend from southeast to northwest;in the past 16 years,both potential and actual productivity of vegetation in China showed a slow decrease trend,if no measures were taken,decreasing trend would be maintained.The research results provided a scientific basis for China to take compulsory measures to protect the ecosystem.

关 键 词：生态系统 TW模型 ZGS模型 净初级生产力 时空变化 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]