扬州地区多叶苜蓿秋季末次刈割时间对其再生情况的影响  

Effect of last cutting time on regeneration of multifoliate alfalfa in autumn in Yangzhou area

作　　者：唐晨阳 魏臻武[1,2] 张琦 吴嘉龙 闫天芳 TANG Chenyang;WEI Zhenwu;ZHANG Qi;WU Jialong;YAN Tianfang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Institute of Forage and Grassland Science,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学草业科学研究所,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020年第10期94-98,152,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30972136,30671486);江苏省科技支撑计划项目“高产优质秧草新品种选育及种子繁育技术研究”(BE2012340);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(CXLX_1429)。

摘　　要：为探索扬州地区合理的苜蓿刈割制度,明确苜蓿最佳秋季刈割时间,试验选取多叶苜蓿和三叶苜蓿各2种,在秋季设置6个不同的末次刈割时间点,并对其刈割后25 d内的株高、再生速率,以及次年初花期的株高、单株干重、鲜干比、茎叶比、分枝数5项农艺性状指标进行测定与计算,并对刈割后25 d再生株高与次年初花期的5项农艺性状指标进行相关分析。结果表明:多叶苜蓿在秋季10月31日、11月5日、11月10日末次刈割后25 d内再生株高无显著差异(P>0.05),之后刈割的再生株高显著下降(P<0.05);而三叶苜蓿则在11月10日刈割时就出现再生株高显著下降(P<0.05)。多叶苜蓿再生速率在温度下降到8℃时开始下降,三叶苜蓿则在10℃时开始下降;在11月15日后刈割的苜蓿次年初花期的单株干重和株高出现显著下降(P<0.05);4种苜蓿品种的25 d再生株高与其初花期株高和单株干重呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。说明扬州地区苜蓿宜在11月10日前气温高于15℃时进行末次刈割较为合适。In order to explore the reasonable cutting system of alfalfa in Yangzhou area,and to determinethe best cutting time of alfalfa in autumn,two multi-leaf alfalfa materials and two three-leaf alfalfa materials were selected for this experiment.Plant height and regeneration rate of the alfalfa at 25 d after six different final cutting points in autumn and plant height,dry weight per plant,fresh-dry ratio,stem-leaf ratio and branching number of alfalfa at the beginning of next year were measured and calculated,and the correlation between plant height at 25 d after cutting and 5 agronomic traits at the beginning of next year was analyzed.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the height of regenerated plants(P>0.05)between 25 d after the last cutting(October 31,November 5 and November 10)in autumn,and the height of regenerated plants between 25 d after the other cutting was significantly decreased(P<0.05).However,clover plant height decreased significantly when cutting on November 10(P<0.05).The regeneration rate of multi-leaf alfalfa starts to decrease at 8℃,and that of three-leaf alfalfa at 10℃.The dry weight and height of each plant in the secondary flowing stage of alfalfa at after November 15 also decreased significantly(P<0.05).The regenerated plant heightat 25 d was significantly positively correlated with the plantheight and the dry weight per plant at the initial flowering stage(P<0.01).These results suggested that the last cutting of alfalfa in Yangzhou area should be carried out when the temperature is higher than 15℃before November 10.

关 键 词：多叶苜蓿 三叶苜蓿 刈割时间 再生株高 再生速率 温度 相关性 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]