慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者早期简易肺康复方案的构建及应用  

Construction of an early simple pulmonary rehabilitation programme for patients with COPD and its evaluation of effectiveness

作　　者：张义静[1] 李娟[1] 孙丽[1] 袁成[1] ZHANG Yijing;LI Juan;SUN Li;YUAN Cheng

机构地区：[1]东南大学附属中大医院呼吸科,南京市210009

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2020年第5期690-695,共6页Chinese Journal of Nursing

基　　金：东南大学附属中大医院护理科研资助项目(ZDYYHL2017-06)。

摘　　要：目的构建COPD患者早期简易肺康复方案并评价其应用效果.方法选取2018年5月-12月入院的COPD急性加重期患者97例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为试验组49例和对照组48例.试验组在对照组方案基础上接受COPD患者早期简易肺康复方案的干预,即在入组后进行呼吸训练、腹肌抗阻训练、上下肢训练、床边起蹲运动、步行训练、爬楼梯训练;对照组接受常规治疗、健康教育和家庭肺康复指导,比较两组干预前和干预后3个月的改良英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表(modified medical British Research Council,mMRC)评分、6 min步行距离、COPD评估测试(COPD Assessment Test,CAT)评分、肺功能指标、焦虑自评量表(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)评分、家庭肺康复依从性.结果干预后3个月试验组mMRC评分、6 min步行距离、CAT评分、SAS评分均优于对照组,试验组家庭肺康复依从性良好者比例(51.02%)高于对照组(16.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论COPD患者早期简易肺康复方案安全、有效,可改善COPD患者的运动耐力、生活质量,缓解患者的呼吸困难、焦虑症状,提高患者家庭肺康复的依从性.Objective To construct an early simple pulmonary rehabilitation programme for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)and to evaluate its effects.Methods From May 2018 to December 2018,97 patients with AECOPD were selected and randomly allocated into an experimental group(49 cases)and a control group(48 cases)using random number table.In addition to the treatment in the control group,the experimental group received an intervention of early simple pulmonary rehabilitation programme,including breath training,abdomen resistance training,weight training for upper and lower limbs,squat training by the bed,walking training,and climbing stairs training.The control group received routine treatment,health education,and family pulmonary rehabilitation guidance.Dyspnea(modified Medical British Research Council,mMRC)score,6 minutes walk distance(6 MWD),COPD Assessment Test(CAT)score,lung function index,anxiety(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)score,and family rehabilitation training compliance were compared between 2 groups before and after the intervention.Results After the intervention for 3 months,mMRC score,6 MWD,CAT score,SAS score in the experimental group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).The number of patients with good family rehabilitation training compliance(51.02%)in the experimental group was more than that(16.67%)in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The early simple rehabilitation programme for patients with COPD is safe and effective,which can improve exercise endurance,quality of life,dyspnea and anxiety symptoms,as well as increase family rehabilitation training compliance.

关 键 词：肺康复 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 生活质量 依从性 护理 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]